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Abstract(s)
O objeto de estudo desta dissertação de obtenção do grau de mestrado é a
reutilização de plástico na arquitetura, levantando questões relacionadas com o
descarte de plástico no meio ambiente, o uso elevado de plásticos no dia-a-dia e a
baixa durabilidade dos momentos em que se usa. A procura de soluções
construtivas que permitam ao arquiteto resolver problemas ambientais, económicos
e sociais, assim como com a relação direta entre a qualidade espacial e de
habitabilidade que a reutilização oferece à arquitetura, são os principais motivos de
seleção deste tema.
Como objetivos propostos para a investigação, encontram-se a identificação
das caraterísticas intrínsecas de objetos reutilizáveis em plástico e a sua
relação com a definição de espaços de caráter arquitetónico, assim como a
seleção de indicadores de avaliação da arquitetura sustentável que permitam
compreender se de fato a aplicação de objetos reutilizáveis em plástico apoia
o aumento da sustentabilidade na sua globalidade.
A metodologia empregada no estudo dividiu-se em duas partes, a primeira
que consistiu na recolha de dados e informação relativamente a conceitos de
relevância na investigação, facultando um enquadramento da origem do objeto de
estudo e, a segunda que consistiu na avaliação da atual situação da reutilização de
plásticos na arquitetura contemporânea, para tal, a informação recompilada permitiu
a análise completa de cinco estudos de caso quanto às suas caraterísticas espaciais
e quanto à sua sustentabilidade. A aplicação da informação recolhida nos estudos
de caso possibilitou a constituição de uma leitura física e interpretativa, individual e
comparativa.
A análise evolutiva dos conceitos ligados à sustentabilidade admitiu a
compreensão dos fatores de avaliação da arquitetura que reutiliza plásticos, assim
como ofereceu uma maior sensibilidade na avaliação das caraterísticas intrínsecas
da arquitetura. A defesa do meio ambiente torna-se ao longo desta dissertação um
fator primário, assim como a garantia de que se atinge equilíbrio social, económico
e cultural.
Como resultado desta dissertação obtêm-se dados que permitem consentir
que a sustentabilidade pode, de fato contribuir para a redução do impacte ambiental
provocado pela má gestão de resíduos plásticos e que a "simples" aplicação de
objetos do quotidiano em edifícios contribui para o desenvolvimento sustentável nas
suas diversas dimensões.
The object of study of this thesis to obtain the degree of master, is the reuse of plastics in architeture, raising questions related to the discard of plastics at the environment, the high use of plastics on the day-to-day and the low durability of the moments of use. The search of constructive solutions that allow the architect to solve environmental, economical and social problems, as well as the direct relation between the spacial quality and habitability that reusing offers to architecture, are the main reasons to select this theme. As objetives proposed for the research, are the identification of the inner features of reusable plastic objetcs, as well as the selection of indicators of evaluation of sustainable architeture that allow to understand if in fact the aplication of reusable plastic objetcs supports the raise of sustainability at its entirety. The methodology used during the study was divided in two parts, the first one consisted in the crop of data and information relatively to concepts of relevance for the research, providing a framework of the origin of the object of study and, the second that consisted of the assessment of the current situation of the reuse of plastics in contemporary architecture, for this purpose, the compiled information allowed the complete analysis of five case studies regarding their spatial characteristics and to its sustainability. The application of the information collected in the case studies enabled the constitution of a physical and interpretive reading, individual and comparative. The evolutionary analysis of the concepts related to sustainability admitted the understanding of the evaluation factors of the architecture that reuses plastics, as well as offered a greater sensitivity in the evaluation of the intrinsic characteristics of the architecture. The defense of the environment becomes a primary factor throughout this dissertation, as well as the guarantee that social, economic and cultural balance is achieved. As a result of this dissertation, data are obtained that allow consenting that sustainability can, in fact, contribute to the reduction of the environmental impact caused by the poor management of plastic waste and that the "simple" application of everyday objects in buildings contributes to sustainable development in its various dimensions.
The object of study of this thesis to obtain the degree of master, is the reuse of plastics in architeture, raising questions related to the discard of plastics at the environment, the high use of plastics on the day-to-day and the low durability of the moments of use. The search of constructive solutions that allow the architect to solve environmental, economical and social problems, as well as the direct relation between the spacial quality and habitability that reusing offers to architecture, are the main reasons to select this theme. As objetives proposed for the research, are the identification of the inner features of reusable plastic objetcs, as well as the selection of indicators of evaluation of sustainable architeture that allow to understand if in fact the aplication of reusable plastic objetcs supports the raise of sustainability at its entirety. The methodology used during the study was divided in two parts, the first one consisted in the crop of data and information relatively to concepts of relevance for the research, providing a framework of the origin of the object of study and, the second that consisted of the assessment of the current situation of the reuse of plastics in contemporary architecture, for this purpose, the compiled information allowed the complete analysis of five case studies regarding their spatial characteristics and to its sustainability. The application of the information collected in the case studies enabled the constitution of a physical and interpretive reading, individual and comparative. The evolutionary analysis of the concepts related to sustainability admitted the understanding of the evaluation factors of the architecture that reuses plastics, as well as offered a greater sensitivity in the evaluation of the intrinsic characteristics of the architecture. The defense of the environment becomes a primary factor throughout this dissertation, as well as the guarantee that social, economic and cultural balance is achieved. As a result of this dissertation, data are obtained that allow consenting that sustainability can, in fact, contribute to the reduction of the environmental impact caused by the poor management of plastic waste and that the "simple" application of everyday objects in buildings contributes to sustainable development in its various dimensions.
Description
Keywords
sustentabilidade, reutilização, plástico, arquitetura sustentável.