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Operações de evacuação de não-combatentes - que tipo e escalão de força podem executá-las?
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Abstract(s)
As Operações de Evacuação de Não-combatentes têm como finalidade a evacuação
dos cidadãos nacionais de um país em que haja uma crise ou um conflito. A sua missão é a evacuação em segurança dos cidadãos, sendo esta, no caso nacional, apoiada pela Força de Reacção Imediata.
O presente estudo aborda a Componente Terrestre da Força de Reacção Imediata na
participação de uma Operação de Evacuação de Não-Combatentes. Através do estudo das
Operações de Evacuação de Não-combatentes e da realização dos Exercícios LUSÍADA, pretendeu-se apurar as capacidades e valências que possam ser necessárias à Componente Terrestre da Força de Reacção Imediata para estar apta à condução de uma operação deste tipo em ambiente operacional incerto. Esta análise possibilitou a identificação de algumas hipóteses sobre as Operações de Evacuação de Nãocombatentes, justificando, dessa forma, a importância da Força de Reacção Imediata para apoiar este tipo de operação.
O trabalho iniciou-se com uma fase exploratória, clarificando o estado da questão.
Posteriormente, procedeu-se a uma pesquisa bibliográfica com uma particular incidência em manuais, directivas, planos e outros trabalhos sobre Operações de Evacuação de Nãocombatentes, o Exercício LUSÍADA e a Força de Reacção Imediata, em busca de conceitos teóricos para sustentar o trabalho de campo. A investigação de campo baseou-se na condução de entrevistas a Oficiais relacionados com a Força de Reacção Imediata, o que permitiu dar resposta às perguntas de investigação e verificar as hipóteses formuladas.
Conclui-se que a Componente Terrestre da Força de Reacção Imediata, embora
esteja tecnicamente apta para a condução deste tipo de operação, está manifestamente subdimensionada, devido à parca capacidade de projecção da força e dificuldades logísticas. Para além destas conclusões verificou-se que a Componente Terrestre necessita de outras forças para além das que dispõe, bem como de rentabilizar determinadas valências que possui. Os resultados provenientes da análise das entrevistas e do Exercício LUSÍADA permitem afirmar que a Componente Terrestre precisa de ser redimensionada e reequipada face à probabilidade de actuar no ambiente operacional incerto, propondo-se o uso de uma Unidade Escalão Batalhão Pára-quedista para a Componente Terrestre.
Abstract The Non-combatant Evacuation Operations have the purpose of evacuating the national citizens of a country where there is a conflict or a crisis. So, its mission is the safe evacuation of the national citizens, being this assured by the Immediate Reaction Force. The present study deals with the Land Component of the Immediate Reaction Force to conduct a Noncombatant Evacuation Operation. Trough the study of the Noncombatant Evacuation Operations and the execution of LUSÍADA Exercises, it was intended to ascertain the capabilities and skills that may be necessary to the Land Component of the Immediate Reaction Force to be able to conduct an operation of this type in an uncertain operational environment. This analysis allowed the identification of some assumptions about the Non-combatant Evacuation Operations, justifying thus, the importance of the Immediate Reaction Force to conduct this type of operation. The work began with an exploratory phase, clarifying the status of the issue. Subsequently, it was a made a literature research with a particular focus on manuals, directives, plans and other works about Non-combatant Evacuation Operations, the LUSÍADA Exercise and the Immediate Reaction Force, in search of theoretical concepts to sustain the fields work. The field research was based on the conduct of interviews to Officials, who are related to the Immediate Reaction Force, which allowed to answer the investigation questions and verify the formulated assumptions. It concludes that the Land Component of the Immediate Reaction Force although it is technically able to conduct this type of operation, is clearly undersized, due to sparse capability of projecting the force and logistical difficulties. In addition to these conclusions it was verified that the Land Component needs other forces further than those that already have and needs to maximize certain skills that possess. The results from analysis of interviews and of LUSÍADA Exercise allow to pronounce that the Land Component needs to be resized and reequipped face to the probability of acting in the uncertain operational environment, offering the use of an Airborne Battalion for the Land Component.
Abstract The Non-combatant Evacuation Operations have the purpose of evacuating the national citizens of a country where there is a conflict or a crisis. So, its mission is the safe evacuation of the national citizens, being this assured by the Immediate Reaction Force. The present study deals with the Land Component of the Immediate Reaction Force to conduct a Noncombatant Evacuation Operation. Trough the study of the Noncombatant Evacuation Operations and the execution of LUSÍADA Exercises, it was intended to ascertain the capabilities and skills that may be necessary to the Land Component of the Immediate Reaction Force to be able to conduct an operation of this type in an uncertain operational environment. This analysis allowed the identification of some assumptions about the Non-combatant Evacuation Operations, justifying thus, the importance of the Immediate Reaction Force to conduct this type of operation. The work began with an exploratory phase, clarifying the status of the issue. Subsequently, it was a made a literature research with a particular focus on manuals, directives, plans and other works about Non-combatant Evacuation Operations, the LUSÍADA Exercise and the Immediate Reaction Force, in search of theoretical concepts to sustain the fields work. The field research was based on the conduct of interviews to Officials, who are related to the Immediate Reaction Force, which allowed to answer the investigation questions and verify the formulated assumptions. It concludes that the Land Component of the Immediate Reaction Force although it is technically able to conduct this type of operation, is clearly undersized, due to sparse capability of projecting the force and logistical difficulties. In addition to these conclusions it was verified that the Land Component needs other forces further than those that already have and needs to maximize certain skills that possess. The results from analysis of interviews and of LUSÍADA Exercise allow to pronounce that the Land Component needs to be resized and reequipped face to the probability of acting in the uncertain operational environment, offering the use of an Airborne Battalion for the Land Component.
Description
Keywords
Operações de Evacuação de Não-Combatentes Ambiente Operacional Não-Combatente Exercício Lusíada Componente terrestre da Força de Reacção Imediata
Citation
Publisher
Academia Militar. Direção de Ensino