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O período neonatal constitui uma fase crítica e vulnerável da infância, marcada pela imaturidade fisiológica do recém-nascido e pelas exigentes adaptações familiares. A prematuridade e outras condições de risco aumentam a vulnerabilidade da díade, comprometendo a vinculação precoce e a parentalidade, com repercussões no desenvolvimento da criança. Esta complexidade exige uma intervenção diferenciada, individualizada e centrada na família, na qual a capacitação parental assume-se como estratégia fundamental para reforçar a confiança da família, reduzir vulnerabilidades e promover o desenvolvimento infantil.
Neste enquadramento, o presente relatório, objetiva analisar criticamente o percurso formativo, evidenciando a aquisição de competências comuns do Enfermeiro Especialista, específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica e de Mestre. O percurso foi sustentado pela Teoria das Transições de Afaf Meleis, em articulação com a Filosofia dos Cuidados Centrados na Família e o Modelo de Parceria de Cuidados, que orientaram a intervenção na facilitação das transições vividas pela díade recém-nascido/família.
A metodologia incluiu revisão da evidência científica, diagnósticos de situação em diferentes contextos e planos de projeto com objetivos, atividades e critérios de avaliação. A sua implementação resultou essencialmente em documentos orientadores da prática, formação aos profissionais, instrumentos informativos de capacitação parental e sessões de educação para a saúde.
Os resultados refletem uma uniformização e humanização dos cuidados e o fortalecimento da confiança e autonomia das famílias. Conclui-se que a prática reflexiva, orientada por diagnósticos de situação e planos de projeto, foi estruturante para a consolidação de competências avançadas e para a melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados à díade.
The neonatal period represents a critical and vulnerable stage of childhood, characterised by the physiological immaturity of the newborn and the demanding family adaptations required. Prematurity and other risk conditions increase the vulnerability of the dyad, compromising early bonding and parenting, with potential repercussions on the child’s development. This complexity demands a differentiated, individualised, and family-centred approach, in which parental empowerment emerges as a fundamental strategy to strengthen family confidence, reduce vulnerabilities, and foster child development. Within this framework, the present report aims to critically analyse the training pathway undertaken by nurses, highlighting the acquisition of the Nurse Specialist’s common competencies, the specific competencies in Child and Paediatric Health Nursing, and those required at Master’s level. The pathway undertaker was underpinned by Afaf Meleis Transitions Theory, in articulation with the Philosophy of Family-Centred Care and the Partnership in Care Model, which guided the intervention in facilitating the transitions experienced by the newborn/family dyad. The methodology included a review of scientific evidence, situational diagnoses across different contexts, and the development of project plans with objectives, activities, and evaluation criteria. Implementation mainly resulted in practice-guiding documents, professional training sessions, parental empowerment tools, and health education interventions. The results demonstrate greater standardisation and humanisation of care, as well as strengthened family confidence and autonomy. It is concluded that reflective practice, guided by situational diagnoses and project plans, was decisive for the consolidation of advanced competencies and for the improvement of care quality provided to the dyad.
The neonatal period represents a critical and vulnerable stage of childhood, characterised by the physiological immaturity of the newborn and the demanding family adaptations required. Prematurity and other risk conditions increase the vulnerability of the dyad, compromising early bonding and parenting, with potential repercussions on the child’s development. This complexity demands a differentiated, individualised, and family-centred approach, in which parental empowerment emerges as a fundamental strategy to strengthen family confidence, reduce vulnerabilities, and foster child development. Within this framework, the present report aims to critically analyse the training pathway undertaken by nurses, highlighting the acquisition of the Nurse Specialist’s common competencies, the specific competencies in Child and Paediatric Health Nursing, and those required at Master’s level. The pathway undertaker was underpinned by Afaf Meleis Transitions Theory, in articulation with the Philosophy of Family-Centred Care and the Partnership in Care Model, which guided the intervention in facilitating the transitions experienced by the newborn/family dyad. The methodology included a review of scientific evidence, situational diagnoses across different contexts, and the development of project plans with objectives, activities, and evaluation criteria. Implementation mainly resulted in practice-guiding documents, professional training sessions, parental empowerment tools, and health education interventions. The results demonstrate greater standardisation and humanisation of care, as well as strengthened family confidence and autonomy. It is concluded that reflective practice, guided by situational diagnoses and project plans, was decisive for the consolidation of advanced competencies and for the improvement of care quality provided to the dyad.
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Palavras-chave
enfermagem pediátrica período neonatal recém-nascido de alto risco capacitação parental desenvolvimento infantil paediatric nursing neonatal period high-risk newborn parental empowerment child development
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC