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Publication
A influência da P. Gingivalis na doença de Alzheimer
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Porphyromonas gingivalis é uma bactéria anaeróbia patogénica e oportunista, sendo uma das principais bactérias presentes na doença periodontal, mas com capacidade de proliferação sistémica. É uma bactéria com a capacidade de proliferar e invadir os tecidos periodontais, mas também de modular a resposta imunitária relativamente à inflamação local ou sistémica.
A doença periodontal é uma patologia multifatorial, com diversos fatores de risco, como por exemplo o consumo de tabaco e fatores genéticos. que afeta o periodonto, isto é, todas as estruturas ao redor do dente, que lhe conferem suporte como a gengiva, o osso alveolar e o ligamento periodontal. Dentro do grupo das bactérias periodontopatogénicas destaca-se o papel da P. gingivalis.
Por outro lado, a doença de Alzheimer é a forma de demência degenerativa mais comum, de carácter progressivo que pode conduzir à morte. As suas causas são ainda desconhecidas, mas acredita-se que os fatores genéticos, a par de fatores ambientais, tenham um papel fundamental. Dentro dos fatores ambientais, há evidência de uma ligação entre a bactéria P. gingivalis e a doença de Alzheimer por diversas vias fisiopatológicas. Assim, tendo a P. gingivalis influência na doença de Alzheimer, é atualmente seguro afirmar que a doença periodontal também terá relação com esta doença neurodegenerativa.
Apesar de haver evidência científica que corrobora a influência da P. gingivalis na doença de Alzheimer, é mandatório que sejam elaborados mais estudos e recolhidos mais dados para compreender os mecanismos de ligação entra ambas.
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a pathogenic and opportunistic anaerobic bacterium, being one of the main bacteria present in periodontal disease, but with the capacity for systemic proliferation. It is a bacterium with the ability to proliferate and invade periodontal tissues but also to modulate the immune response to local or systemic inflammation. Periodontal disease is a multifactorial pathology, with several risk factors, such as tobacco consumption and genetic factors. which affects the periodontium, that is, all the structures around the tooth, which provide it with support, such as the gums, the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament. Within the group of periodontopathogenic bacteria, the role of P. gingivalis stands out. On the other hand, Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of degenerative dementia, which is progressive and can lead to death. Its causes are still unknown, but it is believed that genetic factors, along with environmental factors, play a fundamental role. Within environmental factors, there is evidence of a link between the bacteria P. gingivalis and Alzheimer's disease through several pathophysiological pathways. Therefore, with P. gingivalis influencing Alzheimer's disease, it is now safe to say that periodontal disease will also be related to this neurodegenerative disease. Although there is scientific evidence that corroborates the influence of P. gingivalis on Alzheimer's disease, it is mandatory that more studies be carried out and more data collected to understand the mechanisms linking the two.
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a pathogenic and opportunistic anaerobic bacterium, being one of the main bacteria present in periodontal disease, but with the capacity for systemic proliferation. It is a bacterium with the ability to proliferate and invade periodontal tissues but also to modulate the immune response to local or systemic inflammation. Periodontal disease is a multifactorial pathology, with several risk factors, such as tobacco consumption and genetic factors. which affects the periodontium, that is, all the structures around the tooth, which provide it with support, such as the gums, the alveolar bone and the periodontal ligament. Within the group of periodontopathogenic bacteria, the role of P. gingivalis stands out. On the other hand, Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of degenerative dementia, which is progressive and can lead to death. Its causes are still unknown, but it is believed that genetic factors, along with environmental factors, play a fundamental role. Within environmental factors, there is evidence of a link between the bacteria P. gingivalis and Alzheimer's disease through several pathophysiological pathways. Therefore, with P. gingivalis influencing Alzheimer's disease, it is now safe to say that periodontal disease will also be related to this neurodegenerative disease. Although there is scientific evidence that corroborates the influence of P. gingivalis on Alzheimer's disease, it is mandatory that more studies be carried out and more data collected to understand the mechanisms linking the two.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Doença de Alzheimer P. gingivalis Periodontite Inflamação Envelhecimento