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Estudo comparativo das características macro e microscópicos de diferentes sistemas de limas mecânicas utilizadas em endodontia clínica
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Objetivos: Avaliar comparativamente as características macroscópicas e microscópicas de seis sistemas de limas endodônticas mecanizadas de níqueltitânio (NiTi): BlueShaper, BlueShaper Pro, SlimShaper, SlimShaper Pro, Excalibur e Excalibur Pro, verificando a sua conformidade com as normas ISO 3630-1 e ANSI/ADA nº 28 e identificando diferenças estruturais potencialmente relevantes para a prática clínica.
Materiais e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo in vitro, observacional e comparativo com 48 instrumentos novos. A caracterização macroscópica incluiu a avaliação das hastes de calibração, comprimento da parte ativa, número de espiras, ângulo helicoidal e simetria. A análise microscópica foi realizada por microscopia eletrónica de varrimento (MEV), avaliando o acabamento superficial, os defeitos de fabrico, o design da ponta e a geometria transversal. Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística com nível de significância de 5%.
Resultados: Todos os sistemas apresentaram conformidade dimensional com as normas internacionais. Foram identificadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas relativamente às hastes de calibração, ao número de espiras, ao ângulo helicoidal, ao acabamento superficial e à presença de defeitos microscópicos. As versões Pro apresentaram, de forma geral, superfícies mais homogéneas e menor incidência de irregularidades superficiais. Observaram-se igualmente diferenças na geometria transversal entre os sistemas avaliados.
Conclusão: Os sistemas avaliados cumpriram os requisitos dimensionais normativos e apresentaram características morfológicas distintas. As versões Pro demonstraram melhor qualidade superficial e menor frequência de defeitos microscópicos, sugerindo um efeito favorável dos tratamentos termomecânicos aplicados, sem alterações relevantes da geometria macroscópica dos instrumentos.
Objectives: To comparatively evaluate the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of six nickel-titanium (NiTi) mechanized endodontic file systems: BlueShaper, BlueShaper Pro, SlimShaper, SlimShaper Pro, Excalibur and Excalibur Pro, by assessing their compliance with ISO 3630-1 and ANSI/ADA specification nº 28 standards and identifying structural differences potentially relevant to clinical practice. Materials and methods: An in vitro observational and comparative study was conducted using 48 new instruments. Macroscopic evaluation included the assessment of calibration marks, active part length, number of flutes, helical angle and flute symmetry. Microscopic analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate surface finishing, manufacturing defects, tip design and cross-sectional geometry. Statistical analysis was performed with a significance level of 5%. Results: All systems demonstrated dimensional compliance with international standards. Statistically significant differences were observed regarding calibration marks, number of flutes, helical angle, surface finishing and the presence of microscopic defects. The Pro versions generally exhibited more homogeneous surfaces and a lower incidence of surface irregularities. Differences in cross-sectional geometry were also observed among the evaluated systems. Conclusions: All evaluated systems met the dimensional requirements established by international standards and displayed distinct morphological characteristics. The Pro versions showed improved surface quality and a lower frequency of microscopic defects, suggesting a favorable effect of the thermomechanical treatments applied, without relevant modifications to the instruments’ macroscopic geometry.
Objectives: To comparatively evaluate the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of six nickel-titanium (NiTi) mechanized endodontic file systems: BlueShaper, BlueShaper Pro, SlimShaper, SlimShaper Pro, Excalibur and Excalibur Pro, by assessing their compliance with ISO 3630-1 and ANSI/ADA specification nº 28 standards and identifying structural differences potentially relevant to clinical practice. Materials and methods: An in vitro observational and comparative study was conducted using 48 new instruments. Macroscopic evaluation included the assessment of calibration marks, active part length, number of flutes, helical angle and flute symmetry. Microscopic analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate surface finishing, manufacturing defects, tip design and cross-sectional geometry. Statistical analysis was performed with a significance level of 5%. Results: All systems demonstrated dimensional compliance with international standards. Statistically significant differences were observed regarding calibration marks, number of flutes, helical angle, surface finishing and the presence of microscopic defects. The Pro versions generally exhibited more homogeneous surfaces and a lower incidence of surface irregularities. Differences in cross-sectional geometry were also observed among the evaluated systems. Conclusions: All evaluated systems met the dimensional requirements established by international standards and displayed distinct morphological characteristics. The Pro versions showed improved surface quality and a lower frequency of microscopic defects, suggesting a favorable effect of the thermomechanical treatments applied, without relevant modifications to the instruments’ macroscopic geometry.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
NiTi Instrumentação endodôntica MEV Segurança clínica