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Prevenção vs. Repressão: uma análise custo-benefício na Polícia de Segurança Pública - O Caso da Divisão Policial da Amadora
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A crescente escassez de recursos públicos e a necessidade de decisões estratégicas, colocam em evidência a importância de avaliar a eficiência das diferentes abordagens de policiamento. A presente dissertação analisa a relação custo-benefício das vertentes preventiva e repressiva na PSP, tomando como caso de estudo a Divisão Policial da Amadora, do Comando Metropolitano de Lisboa, no período de 2022 a 2024. A investigação tem como objetivo geral avaliar e comparar os custos e os benefícios associados à prevenção e à repressão, recorrendo a dados institucionais e a indicadores operacionais da atividade desenvolvida em cada dimensão. Metodologicamente, recorre-se a uma Análise Custo Benefício, baseada na recolha, tratamento e comparação de dados relativos à atividade preventiva do MIPP e à atividade repressiva da Esquadra de Investigação Criminal. Os resultados evidenciam que a dimensão preventiva apresenta, em termos gerais, uma relação custo-benefício mais favorável, associada a custos relativamente inferiores e a benefícios operacionais relevantes. A dimensão repressiva revelou utilidade e eficácia próprias, mas com uma estrutura de custos mais elevada. Conclui-se que a eficiência da PSP, no contexto estudado, depende sobretudo de uma articulação equilibrada entre prevenção e repressão, embora a prevenção surja como a vertente economicamente mais vantajosa. Este estudo sublinha que a gestão policial ganha maior racionalidade quando a perspetiva financeira é considerada de forma contínua, prática e transversal, como parte normal do processo de decisão e planeamento.
The growing scarcity of public resources and the need for strategic decisions highlight the importance of assessing the efficiency of different policing approaches. This dissertation analyses the cost-benefit ratio of preventive and repressive policing within the PSP, using the Amadora Police Division of the Lisbon Metropolitan Command as a case study for the period from 2022 to 2024. The overall objective of the research is to assess and compare the costs and benefits associated with prevention and enforcement, using institutional data and operational indicators of the activities carried out in each area. Methodologically, a CostBenefit Analysis is employed, based on the collection, processing and comparison of data relating to the preventive activities of the MIPP and the repressive activities of the Criminal Investigation Unit. The resultsshow that the preventive dimension generally presents a more favourable cost-benefit ratio, associated with relatively lower costs and significant operational benefits. The enforcement dimension demonstrated its own utility and effectiveness, but with a higher cost structure. It is concluded that the efficiency of the PSP, in the context studied, depends above all on a balanced coordination between prevention and enforcement, although prevention emerges as the economically more advantageous approach. This study emphasises that police management becomes more rational when the financial perspective is considered in a continuous, practical and cross-cutting manner, as a normal part of the decision-making and planning process.
The growing scarcity of public resources and the need for strategic decisions highlight the importance of assessing the efficiency of different policing approaches. This dissertation analyses the cost-benefit ratio of preventive and repressive policing within the PSP, using the Amadora Police Division of the Lisbon Metropolitan Command as a case study for the period from 2022 to 2024. The overall objective of the research is to assess and compare the costs and benefits associated with prevention and enforcement, using institutional data and operational indicators of the activities carried out in each area. Methodologically, a CostBenefit Analysis is employed, based on the collection, processing and comparison of data relating to the preventive activities of the MIPP and the repressive activities of the Criminal Investigation Unit. The resultsshow that the preventive dimension generally presents a more favourable cost-benefit ratio, associated with relatively lower costs and significant operational benefits. The enforcement dimension demonstrated its own utility and effectiveness, but with a higher cost structure. It is concluded that the efficiency of the PSP, in the context studied, depends above all on a balanced coordination between prevention and enforcement, although prevention emerges as the economically more advantageous approach. This study emphasises that police management becomes more rational when the financial perspective is considered in a continuous, practical and cross-cutting manner, as a normal part of the decision-making and planning process.
Descrição
Mestrado em Ciências Policiais - Curso de Formação de Oficiais de Polícia.
Palavras-chave
análise custo-benefício finanças prevenção cost-benefit analysis finances prevention repression security repressão segurança