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O agente infiltrado: perspetivas para a investigação criminal na contemporaneidade
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Abstract(s)
Atualmente, a criminalidade com a qual convivemos não é mais ordinária ou convencional, principalmente pelos acontecimentos em ambientes sociais altamente voláteis.
Além disso, a revolução tecnológica viabilizou o conhecimento instantâneo dos acontecimentos a nível mundial e propiciou a comunicação entre as pessoas em tempo real em qualquer local do planeta. Infelizmente, essas tecnologias, acompanhadas dos seus benefícios, também se encontram à disposição dos criminosos.
Desse modo, indubitavelmente a delinquência se tornou mais sofisticada, pois é detentora de expressivos recursos humanos e materiais, em uma atuação sem fronteiras, de modo que dificilmente será atingida pelos métodos clássicos de investigação criminal disponível pelo Estado.
Com o propósito de enfrentar a criminalidade organizada e terrorista, passou-se, então, a impulsionar a utilização de metodologias diferenciadas de investigação, entre as quais destacamos a infiltração de agentes. Por outro lado, na busca por uma política criminal eficiente, também se faz necessário trilhar fundamentalmente o Estado Democrático de Direito e, assim, não perder de vista os direitos fundamentais.
A infiltração de agentes constitui uma figura enigmática, controvertida e nova na legislação brasileira, a qual configura o nosso objeto de estudo.
Como principais aportes teóricos para iluminar a questão por nós apontada, valemo-nos dos ensinamentos de Manuel Monteiro Guedes Valente, Nereu José Giacomolli, Flávio Cardoso Pereira, Manuel da Costa Andrade, Marcelo Batlouni Mendroni e Marllon Sousa.
Dessa forma, com o propósito de conhecer com mais propriedade o tema, debruçamo-nos no processo investigativo nos campos ético, moral, normativo e operacional, tendo como objetivo principal, aferir a viabilidade desse método de obtenção de provas para a investigação criminal.
At present, the crime with which we live is no longer ordinary or conventional, mainly because it affects highly volatile social environments. In addition, the technological revolution enabled instantaneous knowledge of events worldwide and provided real-time communication between people anywhere on the planet. Unfortunately, these technologies, along with their benefits, are also available to criminals. In this way, delinquency has undoubtedly become more sophisticated, because it has significant human and material resources, in an action without frontiers, so that it can hardly be reached by the classical methods of criminal investigation available to the State. In order to deal with organized and terrorist criminality, the use of differentiated research methodologies was promoted, among which we highlight the infiltration of agents. On the other hand, in the quest for an efficient criminal policy, it is also necessary to fundamentally follow the Democratic Rule of Law and thus not lose sight of fundamental rights. The infiltration of agents constitutes an enigmatic figure, controversial and new in the Brazilian legislation, which constitutes our object of study. As the main theoretical contributions to illuminate the issue we have pointed out, we draw on the teachings of Manuel Monteiro Guedes Valente, Nereu José Giacomolli, Flávio Cardoso Pereira, Manuel da Costa Andrade, Marcelo Batlouni Mendroni and Marllon Sousa. Thus, with the purpose of knowing more about the subject, we focus on the investigative process in the ethical, moral, normative and operational fields, with the main objective of ascertaining the viability of this method of obtaining evidence for criminal investigation.
At present, the crime with which we live is no longer ordinary or conventional, mainly because it affects highly volatile social environments. In addition, the technological revolution enabled instantaneous knowledge of events worldwide and provided real-time communication between people anywhere on the planet. Unfortunately, these technologies, along with their benefits, are also available to criminals. In this way, delinquency has undoubtedly become more sophisticated, because it has significant human and material resources, in an action without frontiers, so that it can hardly be reached by the classical methods of criminal investigation available to the State. In order to deal with organized and terrorist criminality, the use of differentiated research methodologies was promoted, among which we highlight the infiltration of agents. On the other hand, in the quest for an efficient criminal policy, it is also necessary to fundamentally follow the Democratic Rule of Law and thus not lose sight of fundamental rights. The infiltration of agents constitutes an enigmatic figure, controversial and new in the Brazilian legislation, which constitutes our object of study. As the main theoretical contributions to illuminate the issue we have pointed out, we draw on the teachings of Manuel Monteiro Guedes Valente, Nereu José Giacomolli, Flávio Cardoso Pereira, Manuel da Costa Andrade, Marcelo Batlouni Mendroni and Marllon Sousa. Thus, with the purpose of knowing more about the subject, we focus on the investigative process in the ethical, moral, normative and operational fields, with the main objective of ascertaining the viability of this method of obtaining evidence for criminal investigation.
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Keywords
Criminalidade organizada; política criminal; investigação policial; agente infiltrado; obtenção de provas. Política criminal Investigação policial Agente infiltrado Obtenção de provas