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Publication
Uso de fitoterapia em bovinos
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Apesar do sucesso indiscutível associado ao tratamento de doenças com base nos produtos
farmacêuticos, nas últimas décadas observou-se um aumento significativo do interesse pelos
medicamentos fitoterápicos. Esse interesse geral foi seguido por uma crescente atenção científica e
comercial, que levou ao aparecimento do termo etnofarmacologia para descrever esta disciplina.
Atualmente, é notório a crescente utilização dos métodos ‘’tradicionais‘’, abordagens usadas
há vários séculos pelos nossos ancestrais, onde se incluem a homeopatia, a acupuntura, a
aromaterapia, e a fitoterapia. Nesta, os estudos científicos para demonstrar e caracterizar as
propriedades das plantas são essenciais para a evolução do conhecimento na área, quer seja em
medicina humana, quer na medicina veterinária.
No âmbito da medicina veterinária o uso de fitoterapia foi já abordado em equinos e nos animais
de companhia, no tratamento de patologias do foro dermatológico, do trato digestivo, do trato
respiratório, e em problemas comportamentais do cão, na gestão da ansiedade de separação. Em
bovinos, o uso da fitoterapia foi descrito no tratamento de endometrites depois do parto, e no tratamento
das mamites, contudo, os estudos sobre a aplicação de plantas medicinais nesta espécie são escassos.
Adicionalmente, o interesse pela fitoterapia justifica-se na perspectiva sanitária, societal e
ecológica. De facto, o uso excessivo de medicamentos como os antiparasitários e os antibióticos leva
ao aparecimento de resistência aos tratamentos, o que representa um problema global, inserido no
conceito de ‘’One Health’’. Na área da clínica de bovinos a sua utilização estará também relacionada
com as vantagens que apresenta, pois os tratamentos alopáticos são dispendiosos e com alguns efeitos
iatrogénicos relevantes.
A presente revisão pretende assim abordar a fitoterapia aplicada aos bovinos, e tem por objetivo
aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a aplicação das plantas medicinais e produtos à base de plantas
nesta espécie. Pretende-se caracterizar estas plantas no que respeita aos seus constituintes, atividade
farmacológica, eficácia clínica, bem como a sua toxicidade. Finalmente, é importante conhecer o
enquadramento legal dos produtos à base de plantas e dos suplementos alimentares
Despite the undeniable success of a scientific approach to the treatment of diseases through pharmaceutical products, the last decades have witnessed a spectacular increase in herbal medicines interest. This was followed by increased scientific and commercial attention and led to the emergence of the term ethnopharmacology to describe scientific discipline. Currently, we must emphazise that the use of ‘’traditional'' methods, known since several centuries by our ancestors, including homeopathy, acunpuncture, aromatherapy and herbal medicine, have raised. Regarding herbal medicine scientific studies are needed to further demonstrate and characterize the properties of plants in human medicine and veterinary medicine. In veterinary medicine the use of herbal medicine has already been addressed in horses and pets, in the treatment of dermatological, digestive tract, respiratory tract disorders, and behavioral problems in the management of separation anxiety of the dog. In cattle, the use of herbal medicine was described in the treatment of endometritis after delivery, and in the treatment of nipples, however, studies on the application of medicinal plants in this species are scarce. The increased interest by western societies in using medicinal products rather than pharmaceutical industry product may by justified from a sanitary, societal, ecological point of view. In fact, excessive use of drugs such as antiparasitics and antibiotics leads to the appearance of resistance to treatments, a global problem, in the scope of ‘’One Health’’ concept. Regarding cattle medicinal plants application there are few studies. In the area of the bovine clinic its use will also be related to the advantages over allopathic treatments which are expensive and have some relevant iatrogenic effects. This review aims to address the herbal medicine application to cattle, and aims to deepen knowledge about the application of medicinal plants and herbal products in this species. It is intended to characterize these plants with regard to their constituents, pharmacological activity, clinical efficacy, as well as their toxicity. Finally, it is important to know the legal framework for herbal products and food supplements.
Despite the undeniable success of a scientific approach to the treatment of diseases through pharmaceutical products, the last decades have witnessed a spectacular increase in herbal medicines interest. This was followed by increased scientific and commercial attention and led to the emergence of the term ethnopharmacology to describe scientific discipline. Currently, we must emphazise that the use of ‘’traditional'' methods, known since several centuries by our ancestors, including homeopathy, acunpuncture, aromatherapy and herbal medicine, have raised. Regarding herbal medicine scientific studies are needed to further demonstrate and characterize the properties of plants in human medicine and veterinary medicine. In veterinary medicine the use of herbal medicine has already been addressed in horses and pets, in the treatment of dermatological, digestive tract, respiratory tract disorders, and behavioral problems in the management of separation anxiety of the dog. In cattle, the use of herbal medicine was described in the treatment of endometritis after delivery, and in the treatment of nipples, however, studies on the application of medicinal plants in this species are scarce. The increased interest by western societies in using medicinal products rather than pharmaceutical industry product may by justified from a sanitary, societal, ecological point of view. In fact, excessive use of drugs such as antiparasitics and antibiotics leads to the appearance of resistance to treatments, a global problem, in the scope of ‘’One Health’’ concept. Regarding cattle medicinal plants application there are few studies. In the area of the bovine clinic its use will also be related to the advantages over allopathic treatments which are expensive and have some relevant iatrogenic effects. This review aims to address the herbal medicine application to cattle, and aims to deepen knowledge about the application of medicinal plants and herbal products in this species. It is intended to characterize these plants with regard to their constituents, pharmacological activity, clinical efficacy, as well as their toxicity. Finally, it is important to know the legal framework for herbal products and food supplements.
Description
Keywords
Fitoterapia Bovinos Plantas medicinais Extractos Etnofarmacologia Herbal medicine Cattle Plant extract Ethnopharmacology