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Reabilitação oral utilizando próteses fixas fabricadas com CAD/CAM
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Na era atual da digitalização em Medicina Dentária, as tecnologias de conceção e fabrico assistidas por computador assumem um papel central na reabilitação protética contemporânea. O progresso dos scanners intraorais, dos programas de conceção tridimensional, das unidades de fresagem e das impressoras tridimensionais permitiu transformar profundamente a prática clínica, tornando possível a produção de reabilitações mais precisas, personalizadas e realizadas com maior rapidez. Estas evoluções tecnológicas têm igualmente contribuído para a otimização dos protocolos clínicos, a redução do número de consultas e a melhoria da experiência do doente.
No entanto, apesar da expansão significativa destas ferramentas digitais, a evidência científica disponível permanece fragmentada. Grande parte da literatura centra-se em etapas específicas do fluxo digital como a aquisição de imagem, a conceção, o fabrico ou os materiais utilizados, sem abordar de forma integrada todo o processo. Paralelamente, a diversidade crescente de materiais restauradores e as variações nos protocolos de conceção e fabrico assistidos por computador dificultam a uniformização das práticas clínicas e a comparação consistente dos resultados.
Neste contexto, este trabalho de tese propõe uma revisão narrativa detalhada sobre a reabilitação em dentes naturais e implantes através de próteses fixas produzidas por tecnologia de conceção e fabrico assistidos por computador. Os objetivos são clarificar os princípios do fluxo digital, analisar o desempenho das diferentes abordagens tecnológicas e discutir as suas vantagens e limitações em contexto clínico. Com base nesta análise, pretende-se ainda propor recomendações que promovam uma utilização mais estruturada, reprodutível e baseada na evidência destas tecnologias, contribuindo para uma prática clínica mais previsível, eficiente e centrada no doente.
In the current era of digitalisation in Dentistry, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technologies play a central role in contemporary prosthetic rehabilitation. The development of intraoral scanners, threedimensional design software, milling units, and three-dimensional printers has profoundly transformed clinical practice, enabling the production of restorations that are more precise, personalised, and delivered more rapidly. These technological advances have also contributed to the optimisation of clinical protocols, a reduction in the number of appointments, and an improvement in patient experience. However, despite the significant expansion of these digital tools, the available scientific evidence remains fragmented. Much of the literature focuses on specific stages of the digital workflow such as image acquisition, design, manufacturing, or materials, without providing a fully integrated overview of the entire process. In addition, the growing diversity of restorative materials and the variations in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing protocols make it difficult to standardise clinical practices and to consistently compare clinical outcomes. In this context, this thesis proposes a comprehensive narrative review on the rehabilitation of natural teeth and dental implants using fixed prostheses produced with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology. The aim is to clarify the principles of the digital workflow, analyse the performance of different technological approaches, and discuss their main clinical advantages and limitations. Based on this analysis, the study also seeks to propose recommendations that encourage a more structured, reproducible, and evidence-based use of these technologies, contributing to a more predictable, efficient, and patient-centred clinical practice.
In the current era of digitalisation in Dentistry, computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technologies play a central role in contemporary prosthetic rehabilitation. The development of intraoral scanners, threedimensional design software, milling units, and three-dimensional printers has profoundly transformed clinical practice, enabling the production of restorations that are more precise, personalised, and delivered more rapidly. These technological advances have also contributed to the optimisation of clinical protocols, a reduction in the number of appointments, and an improvement in patient experience. However, despite the significant expansion of these digital tools, the available scientific evidence remains fragmented. Much of the literature focuses on specific stages of the digital workflow such as image acquisition, design, manufacturing, or materials, without providing a fully integrated overview of the entire process. In addition, the growing diversity of restorative materials and the variations in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing protocols make it difficult to standardise clinical practices and to consistently compare clinical outcomes. In this context, this thesis proposes a comprehensive narrative review on the rehabilitation of natural teeth and dental implants using fixed prostheses produced with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing technology. The aim is to clarify the principles of the digital workflow, analyse the performance of different technological approaches, and discuss their main clinical advantages and limitations. Based on this analysis, the study also seeks to propose recommendations that encourage a more structured, reproducible, and evidence-based use of these technologies, contributing to a more predictable, efficient, and patient-centred clinical practice.
Descrição
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Palavras-chave
CAD/CAM Próteses fixas Impressão 3D Implantes dentários