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Perceção, atitudes perante a morte e sentido de vida em estudantes e profissionais de saúde sobre os cuidados paliativos pediátricos
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: O sentido de vida e as atitudes perante a morte são temas bastante relevantes, nomeadamente no contexto dos Cuidados Paliativos Pediátricos (CPP). Os profissionais de saúde que atuam nesta área enfrentam desafios no seu dia a dia, que requerem uma reflexão sobre o papel que o sentido de vida desempenha no modo como lidam com a morte. No entanto, em Portugal, existe uma lacuna de estudos científicos que explorem a relação entre o sentido de vida e as atitudes perante a morte, especificamente
entre profissionais de saúde que atuam em CPP e estudantes de áreas da saúde. Objetivos:
O presente estudo apresenta como objetivo avaliar e comparar, em três grupos distintos que correspondem a diferentes fases de formação e áreas de formação (estudantes da área da saúde, profissionais de saúde em geral e profissionais de saúde que trabalham com CP), a perceção sobre os cuidados paliativos pediátricos, as suas atitudes perante a morte e o sentido de vida. Método: A amostra da investigação foi constituída por 132
participantes (112 do sexo feminino e 20 do sexo masculino), com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 67 anos. A perceção sobre os CPP foi avaliada através de um questionário sobre a familiarização do termo. As atitudes perante a morte foram avaliadas através do instrumento Death Attitude Profile Revised (Perfil de Atitudes Perante a Morte). De forma a avaliar o sentido de vida, foi utilizado o instrumento Purpose in Life Test (Teste do Sentido de Vida). Resultados: De acordo com os resultados desta investigação, comprova-se que o “Medo da Morte” e a “Perceção sobre os Cuidados Paliativos” tendem a ser maiores entre os participantes mais velhos. Relativamente ao sexo, as mulheres apresentam, em média, um sentido de vida superior ao dos homens. Constatou-se que à medida que o medo da morte diminui, o sentido de vida tende a aumentar. Existe
correlação positiva com a antiguidade no serviço e com a formação na área dos cuidados paliativos. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo mostraram uma ligação entre as atitudes perante a morte e o sentido de vida, o que nos permite concluir que, para lidar melhor com a morte, é essencial trabalhar questões fundamentais sobre o nosso próprio sentido de vida.
Background: The purpose in life and attitudes towards death are highly relevant topics, particularly in the context of Pediatric Palliative Care (PPC). Healthcare professionals working in this area face daily challenges that require reflection on the role that the sense of life plays in how they deal with death. However, in Portugal, there is a gap in scientific studies exploring the relationship between the sense of life and attitudes towards death, specifically among healthcare professionals working in PPC and students in healthrelated fields. Objectives: The present study aims to evaluate and compare, across three distinct groups corresponding to different stages of training and areas of expertise (healthcare students, general healthcare professionals, and healthcare professionals working with PPC), their perception of pediatric palliative care, their attitudes towards death, and their sense of life. Method: The sample for this investigation consisted of 132 participants (112 females and 20 males), aged between 18 and 67 years. The perception of PPC was assessed through a questionnaire regarding familiarity with the term. Attitudes towards death were evaluated using the Death Attitude Profile Revised instrument. To assess the sense of life, the Purpose in Life Test was used. Results: According to the results of this investigation, it is shown that the "Fear of Death" and the "Perception of Palliative Care" tend to be higher among older participants. Regarding gender, women generally exhibit a higher sense of life compared to men. It was found that as the fear of death decreases, the sense of life tends to increase. There is a positive correlation with years of service and with training in the field of palliative care. Conclusions: The results of this study showed a connection between attitudes toward death and the purpose in life, allowing us to conclude that, in order to cope better with death, it is essential to address fundamental questions about our own sense of life.
Background: The purpose in life and attitudes towards death are highly relevant topics, particularly in the context of Pediatric Palliative Care (PPC). Healthcare professionals working in this area face daily challenges that require reflection on the role that the sense of life plays in how they deal with death. However, in Portugal, there is a gap in scientific studies exploring the relationship between the sense of life and attitudes towards death, specifically among healthcare professionals working in PPC and students in healthrelated fields. Objectives: The present study aims to evaluate and compare, across three distinct groups corresponding to different stages of training and areas of expertise (healthcare students, general healthcare professionals, and healthcare professionals working with PPC), their perception of pediatric palliative care, their attitudes towards death, and their sense of life. Method: The sample for this investigation consisted of 132 participants (112 females and 20 males), aged between 18 and 67 years. The perception of PPC was assessed through a questionnaire regarding familiarity with the term. Attitudes towards death were evaluated using the Death Attitude Profile Revised instrument. To assess the sense of life, the Purpose in Life Test was used. Results: According to the results of this investigation, it is shown that the "Fear of Death" and the "Perception of Palliative Care" tend to be higher among older participants. Regarding gender, women generally exhibit a higher sense of life compared to men. It was found that as the fear of death decreases, the sense of life tends to increase. There is a positive correlation with years of service and with training in the field of palliative care. Conclusions: The results of this study showed a connection between attitudes toward death and the purpose in life, allowing us to conclude that, in order to cope better with death, it is essential to address fundamental questions about our own sense of life.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Cuidados paliativos Cuidados paliativos pediátricos Morte Sentido de vida Profissionais de saúde