Loading...
Publication
Necessidades de saúde de cuidadores formais de centros de dia e de serviços de apoio ao domicílio: Projeto de desenvolvimento de competências clínicas especializadas na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Comunitária e de Saúde Pública
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.83 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente relatório surge no âmbito das unidades curriculares de estágio de natureza
profissional – módulo I e módulo II, inseridas no curso de mestrado em enfermagem comunitária
na área de enfermagem de saúde comunitária e de saúde pública. Tem como finalidade
descrever e analisar o processo de desenvolvimento de competências específicas do enfermeiro
especialista em enfermagem comunitária e saúde pública e das competências comuns do
enfermeiro especialista.
O estágio decorreu numa Unidade de Saúde Pública e numa Unidade de Cuidados na
Comunidade, sendo que o projeto de desenvolvimento de competências teve como objetivos:
• avaliar as necessidades de saúde de cuidadores formais de centros de dia e serviços de
apoio ao domicílio;
• elaborar, implementar e avaliar um projeto de intervenção que desse resposta a essas
necessidades.
Escolheu-se como problemática central deste trabalho as necessidades de saúde de cuidadores
formais de centros de dia e de serviços de apoio ao domicílio, após identificação de uma
necessidade de intervenção pelas equipas de enfermagem das unidades acima referidas.
Com a tendência mundial de envelhecimento populacional, e consequente progressivo declínio
funcional das pessoas idosas que leva a que muitas não sejam capazes de se autocuidar sem
apoio, é expectável que venha a aumentar a oferta da rede de serviços sociais de proximidade,
de modo a responder às suas necessidades. Em particular, os centros de dia e serviços de apoio
ao domicílio são uma opção de crescente popularidade, por permitir o ageing in place. Os
cuidadores formais destas instituições, pela exigência das tarefas que desempenham,
encontram-se vulneráveis a problemáticas como o stress laboral e as lesões
musculoesqueléticas relacionadas com o trabalho.
Como metodologia, recorreu-se ao planeamento em saúde. O diagnóstico de situação foi
realizado entre fevereiro e junho de 2023, tendo por base uma população-alvo de 21 cuidadores
formais. Os dados foram colhidos com recurso a um questionário que avaliou o perfil
sociodemográfico, a perceção sobre estado de saúde, a vigilância em saúde, a qualidade de
vida no trabalho e a formação profissional. Após a análise dos dados, identificaram-se as
necessidades de saúde dos cuidadores. A aplicação do método de Hanlon resultou na seguinte
ordem de prioridades: sono e repouso, dor e lesões musculoesqueléticas. Fixaram-se objetivos
gerais e específicos e selecionou-se como estratégia de intervenção a educação para a saúde.
Foi elaborado um projeto de intervenção englobando 6 sessões intercaladas com “lembretes”
sobre os conteúdos abordados. Para preparar a execução do projeto, elaboraram-se planos de
sessão para cada sessão, detalhando os conteúdos a abordar, as técnicas a utilizar e os recursos
necessários. O projeto foi implementado entre novembro e dezembro de 2023.
Verificou-se que os cuidadores adquiriram um nível de conhecimento adequado e facilitador da
mudança de comportamento. No entanto, devido ao limite temporal para a realização do
estágio, não foi possível avaliar essa mudança. Considera-se que os objetivos propostos para
este trabalho foram atingidos e que as atividades desenvolvidas permitiram adquirir o perfil de
competências inerente ao enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem comunitária e saúde
pública, assim como as competências comuns aos enfermeiros especialistas. Conclui-se ainda a
necessidade de valorizar o impacto do exercício profissional na saúde dos cuidadores formais e
investir no seu empoderamento.
The present report emerges within the scope of the curricular units of professional internship – modules I and II, included in the master’s degree in community nursing in the area of community health and publica health nursing. It aims to describe and analyse the process of developing the specific skills of a community and public health nurse specialist and the common skills of nurse specialists. The internship took place in a public health unit and a community care unit, with the objectives of the skill development project being: • to assess the health needs of formal caregivers of day centres and home support services; • to develop, implement and evaluate an intervention project that would respond to these needs. The health needs of formal caregivers of day centres and home support services were chosen as the main problematic for this work, after the nursing teams of the previously mentioned units identified a need for intervention in these caregivers. With the global trend of population ageing, and consequent progressive functional decline of elderly people that leads to many not being able to practice selfcare without the help of others, it is expected that the supply of the proximity social services network will increase, in order to respond to their needs. In particular, day centres and home support services are an increasingly popular option, as they allow “ageing in place”. Formal caregivers in these institutions, due to the demands of the tasks they perform, are vulnerable to problems such as work stress and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. As a methodology, health planning was used. The analysis of the health situation was carried out between February and June 2023, with a target population of 21 formal caregivers. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire that assessed the caregiver’s sociodemographic profile, perception of health status, health surveillance, professional quality of life and professional training. After analysing the data, the caregiver’s health needs were identified. The application of Hanlon’s method resulted in the following priorities: sleep and rest, pain and musculoskeletal disorders. General and specific objectives were set, and health education was selected as the intervention strategy. An intervention project was created comprising of 6 sessions interspersed with “reminders” of covered content in-between sessions. To prepare for the execution of the project, session plans were created, detailing what contents to cover, what techniques to use and what resources were necessary. The project was implemented between November and December 2023. It was found that the caregivers acquired an adequate level of knowledge that facilitates this behavioural change. However, due to the time limit for the internship, it was not possible to evaluate that behavioural change. It is considered that the proposed objectives for this work were achieved and that the developed activities allowed for the skill profile of a community and public health nurse specialist to be acquired, as well as the common skills of nurse specialists. It is also concluded that there is a need to value the impact of labour on the health status of formal caregivers and invest in their empowerment.
The present report emerges within the scope of the curricular units of professional internship – modules I and II, included in the master’s degree in community nursing in the area of community health and publica health nursing. It aims to describe and analyse the process of developing the specific skills of a community and public health nurse specialist and the common skills of nurse specialists. The internship took place in a public health unit and a community care unit, with the objectives of the skill development project being: • to assess the health needs of formal caregivers of day centres and home support services; • to develop, implement and evaluate an intervention project that would respond to these needs. The health needs of formal caregivers of day centres and home support services were chosen as the main problematic for this work, after the nursing teams of the previously mentioned units identified a need for intervention in these caregivers. With the global trend of population ageing, and consequent progressive functional decline of elderly people that leads to many not being able to practice selfcare without the help of others, it is expected that the supply of the proximity social services network will increase, in order to respond to their needs. In particular, day centres and home support services are an increasingly popular option, as they allow “ageing in place”. Formal caregivers in these institutions, due to the demands of the tasks they perform, are vulnerable to problems such as work stress and work-related musculoskeletal disorders. As a methodology, health planning was used. The analysis of the health situation was carried out between February and June 2023, with a target population of 21 formal caregivers. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire that assessed the caregiver’s sociodemographic profile, perception of health status, health surveillance, professional quality of life and professional training. After analysing the data, the caregiver’s health needs were identified. The application of Hanlon’s method resulted in the following priorities: sleep and rest, pain and musculoskeletal disorders. General and specific objectives were set, and health education was selected as the intervention strategy. An intervention project was created comprising of 6 sessions interspersed with “reminders” of covered content in-between sessions. To prepare for the execution of the project, session plans were created, detailing what contents to cover, what techniques to use and what resources were necessary. The project was implemented between November and December 2023. It was found that the caregivers acquired an adequate level of knowledge that facilitates this behavioural change. However, due to the time limit for the internship, it was not possible to evaluate that behavioural change. It is considered that the proposed objectives for this work were achieved and that the developed activities allowed for the skill profile of a community and public health nurse specialist to be acquired, as well as the common skills of nurse specialists. It is also concluded that there is a need to value the impact of labour on the health status of formal caregivers and invest in their empowerment.
Description
Keywords
Cuidadores formais Sono Lesões musculoesqueléticas Educação para a saúde Enfermagem comunitária Relatório de estágio