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A cárie dentária na população pediátrica é considerada uma das doenças crónicas mais prevalentes no Mundo. Quando a cárie é extensa até à polpa dentaria, as intervenções pulpares são consideradas tratamentos de eleição. Dependendo da gravidade da lesão e das condições, estão disponíveis três técnicas para o tratamento pulpar: proteção pulpar (direta/ indireta), pulpotomia e pulpectomia.
Num paciente pediátrico existem dois tipos de dentes: os decíduos e os definitivos. Os tratamentos utilizados são diferentes e dependem do tipo de lesão: traumática ou consequência de cárie dentária. O envolvimento pulpar do dente depende da profundidade da lesão, com o aparecimento de novos biomateriais, têm levado ao desenvolvimento de terapias atuais baseadas nos conceitos de regeneração e reparação de tecidos. Alguns
autores, defendem cada vez mais a conservação da vitalidade pulpar quando tal é possível.
A importância da preservação da vitalidade pulpar nunca pode ser exagerada. A utilização de um material biocompatível permite promover a cicatrização e manter a vitalidade do tecido pulpar remanescente.
A pulpotomia é uma das técnicas mais usadas na preservação da polpa vital nos dentes, o que é de grande importância para a obtenção da formação contínua da raiz em dentes permanentes imaturos sofrendo de cárie dentária ou traumatismo.
Por conseguinte, o foco desta monografia tem como objetivo principal rever, avaliar e aportar novos conhecimentos, para as aplicações da pulpotomia, em dentes decíduos e definitivos, assim como, os vários materiais que podemos utilizar para a realização desta técnica.
Dental caries in the pediatric population is considered one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world. When the caries is extensive up to the dental pulp, pulpal interventions are considered treatment of choice. Depending on the severity of the lesion and the conditions, three techniques are available for pulpal treatment: pulp capping (direct/indirect), pulpotomy and pulpectomy. In a pediatric patient, there are two types of teeth, deciduous and permanent. The treatments used are different and depend on the type of injury: traumatic or as a consequence of dental caries. The pulp involvement of the tooth depends on the depth of the injury. The emergence of new biomaterials has led to the development of current therapies based on the concepts of tissue regeneration and repair. Some authors increasingly advocate the preservation of pulp vitality when this is possible. The importance of preserving pulp vitality cannot be overstated. The use of a biocompatible material allows promoting healing and maintaining the vitality of the remaining pulp tissue. Pulpotomy is one of the most widely used techniques for preserving vital pulp in teeth, which is of great importance in achieving continued root formation in immature permanent teeth suffering from dental caries or trauma. Therefore, the focus of this monograph is to review, evaluate and contribute new knowledge to the applications of pulpotomy in deciduous and permanent teeth, as well as the various materials that can be used to perform this technique.
Dental caries in the pediatric population is considered one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world. When the caries is extensive up to the dental pulp, pulpal interventions are considered treatment of choice. Depending on the severity of the lesion and the conditions, three techniques are available for pulpal treatment: pulp capping (direct/indirect), pulpotomy and pulpectomy. In a pediatric patient, there are two types of teeth, deciduous and permanent. The treatments used are different and depend on the type of injury: traumatic or as a consequence of dental caries. The pulp involvement of the tooth depends on the depth of the injury. The emergence of new biomaterials has led to the development of current therapies based on the concepts of tissue regeneration and repair. Some authors increasingly advocate the preservation of pulp vitality when this is possible. The importance of preserving pulp vitality cannot be overstated. The use of a biocompatible material allows promoting healing and maintaining the vitality of the remaining pulp tissue. Pulpotomy is one of the most widely used techniques for preserving vital pulp in teeth, which is of great importance in achieving continued root formation in immature permanent teeth suffering from dental caries or trauma. Therefore, the focus of this monograph is to review, evaluate and contribute new knowledge to the applications of pulpotomy in deciduous and permanent teeth, as well as the various materials that can be used to perform this technique.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Pulpotomia total Pulpotomia parcial Pulpotomia em crianças Tratamento pulpar vital