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- Understand and characterize mental effort in a programming-oriented taskPublication . Eloy, Joana; Teixeira, Ana; Gomes, Anabela; Mendes, Antonio JoseThe human brain is a very complex physiological system, involving billions of interacting physiological and chemical processes giving rise to the experimentally observed neuroelectrical activity measured through electroencephalographic signals (EEG). An EEG can reflect the state of mind and the human brain activity. The aim of this research was to analyze several important cognitive parameters (Attention, Meditation) using the Neurosky Mindwave Mobile Headset and EEG analyzer application, while students performed a programming problem-solving oriented task. The variability of Theta and Beta bands energy during the tasks was studied to understand its relation to the cognitive parameters. Our results suggest that beta frequency energy increased when the tasks demanded a higher level of reasoning, when a change in the task paradigm happened, when participants showed more difficulties or when they needed more time to complete tasks (Attention). On the other hand, a high level of energy in theta band was found in states of drowsiness and deep relaxation (Meditation).
- Using Brain Computer Interaction in Programming Problem SolvingPublication . Eloy, Joana; Gomes, Anabela; Mendes, Antonio Jose; Teixeira, Anathe use of Brain-Computer Interaction (BCI) technology to better understand and promote learning processes. In this context, the idea is to obtain information about the user and deduce his/her mental states (e.g. workload, attention, concentration) through user’s electroencephalogram signals (EEG). In future researches, we are interested in understanding the performance of users in tasks involving high cognitive processes such as programming problem solving. The goal would be to find metrics and strategies that are adaptable to each user, looking to increase the success in programming learning. However, this work represents a set of initial works that provides an overview of how brain computer interaction can intersect with issues in the field of education, namely in design and in cognitive attention and concentration processes. The main goal of this study is to analyse several cognitive parameters (Attention, Concentration) of crucial importance for learning, while students do a programming problem solving oriented task activity. For a better characterization of the data, an analysis of the ERD/ERS complex was performed, thus analysing the event synchronization or desynchronization, in order to reflect the activation or inhibition of the cerebral activity during the game and consequently the absorption of information and the capacity of learning. Additionally, five EEG features were extracted, namely the powers of Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta and Gamma bands, as well as, the variability of these bands’ energy.
- An exploratory study of brain computer interfacesin computer science educationPublication . Gomes, Anabela; Teixeira, Ana; Eloy, Joana; Mendes, Antonio JoseThis work offers an outline of how brain computer interactions can interconnect with education, specifically with regard to the cognitive and emotional processes occurring during difficult learning. We believe that understanding how to optimize the learner’s attention and workload in learning tasks can improve the efficacy of educational processes, especially in tasks involving highly cognitive activities, such as programming problem solving. The main objective of this study was to examine several brain parameters (attention, concentration and the energy of several brain waves) in a programming orientated task, as well as their variability during tasks of varying complexity. We consider that this work presents very promising future developments, including the possibility of incorporating this technology into a customised automatic system adapted to the student’s cognitive and emotional state.