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- Educational Interventions for Nursing Homes Support Workers During the Pandemic:Publication . Sousa, Diana; Pinto, Joana; Faria, José; Pereira, Isabel; Henriques, Maria Adriana; Henriques, Helgantroduction:The current pandemic caused by the circulation of the SARS-CoV-2virus places the population in general, and aging people living in nursing homes in particular, in a situation of great vulnerability, with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. In these contexts, educational interventions with professionals have shown to be associated with changes in practices. However, data on educational interventions carried out in a pandemic situation in these contexts are still scarce, as well as their content and/or methodologies used. Goal:We aimed to describe educational interventions for nursing home support workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods:An integrative literature review was carried out. Results:Of the 349articles identified, 4 were included in the final sample. The results show that the educational programs aimed at nursing home employees, including support workers, have great variability in terms of intervention, target audience, content, duration, how it is made available, and the scientific area of the trainers. There seems to be an association between the education provided and the reduction of virus transmission. Conclusions:This integrative review points to the importance of educational interventions, taught by health professionals, with support workers, as a way of preventing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2in nursing homes and reducing morbidity and mortality rates. Distance learning proves to be an educational opportunity for people in remote locations. Face-to-face training was also shown to be essential in demonstrating and training safe care practices. We recommend future research to achieve greater consistency in the conclusions.
- A systematic review of cardiovascular risk management interventions among community-dwelling people with chronic diseasePublication . Henriques, Helga; Pinto, Joana; Faria, José Silva; Silva, AugustoIntroduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent the main cause of mortality in the world. Arterial hypertension, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, sedentary lifestyle and smoking are risk factors for CVD and the main chronic diseases. The evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to promote cardiovascular risk management in chronic disease is still laconic. Objective: To identify the components of cardiovascular risk management programs for people with chronic illness in the community, as well as the behavioral change techniques used. Methods: A systematic literature review was carried out in November 2020, following the recommendations of PRISMA. We used the MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Cochrane, Academic Search Complete and Mediclatina databases. The bibliographic sample consisted of 21 articles, involving 26040 people with chronic disease. Results: The intervention programs are heterogeneous, concerning their components, knowledge disciplines involved, duration and strategies used. The most frequently used behavioral change techniques are advice and negotiation. Conclusion: We can conclude that educational interventions are a consensual approach to the management of CVD risk in people with chronic diseases. The heterogeneity of the interventions doesn’t allow us to determine the program's effectiveness. Further research is needed to make the results more consistent.
- Intervenções educativas para ajudantes de ação direta de estruturas residenciais para pessoas idosas durante a pandemia:Publication . Sousa, Diana; Pinto, Joana; Faria, José Silva; Pereira, Isabel; Henriques, Maria Adriana; Henriques, HelgaIntrodução. A atual pandemia de COVID-19, provocada pela circulação do vírus SARS-CoV-2, coloca a população em geral, e os idosos em Estruturas Residenciais para Pessoas Idosas (ERPI) em particular, numa situação de grande vulnerabilidade, com um risco elevado de morbilidade e mortalidade. Nestes contextos, as intervenções educativas junto dos profissionais demonstraram estar associadas a mudanças de práticas. Contudo, são ainda escassos os dados sobre as intervenções educativas realizadas em situação pandémica nestes contextos, bem como o seu conteúdo e/ou metodologias utilizadas. Objetivo. Foi nosso objetivo descrever as intervenções educativas para Auxiliares de Ação Direta de ERPI durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Resultados. Dos 349 artigos identificados, 4 integraram a amostra final. Os resultados mostram que os programas educativos dirigidos aos profissionais das ERPI, onde se incluem as Ajudantes de Ação Direta, apresentam uma grande variabilidade em termos de intervenção, público-alvo, conteúdos, duração, forma como é disponibilizado e área disciplinar dos formadores. Parece existir uma associação entre a educação disponibilizada e a redução da transmissão do vírus. Conclusões. Esta revisão integrativa vem apontar para a importância das intervenções educativas, ministradas por profissionais de saúde, junto das AAD, como forma de prevenir a transmissão do SARS-CoV-2 em ERPI e reduzir as taxas de morbilidade e mortalidade. O ensino à distância revela-se uma oportunidade de educação para as pessoas em locais remotos, com dificuldades no acesso presencial. A formação presencial mostrou-se também como essencial na demonstração e treino de práticas de cuidados seguros. Recomenda-se a realização de investigação no futuro para obter uma maior consistência nas conclusões.