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- Exploring chemical traces of sharp force trauma in burned bone through SEM-EDS : a pilot studyPublication . Cunha, Ana Filipa; Quintas, Alexandre; Matos, António Pedro Alves de; Antunes-Ferreira, NathalieSharp force trauma (SFT) is a leading cause of homicide-related deaths, frequently involving kitchen knives as weapons. Offenders may attempt to eliminate forensic evidence by burning a corpse, complicating medicolegal investigation. While scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) has successfully detected metallic traces from sharp objects in skin and fresh bone, its efficacy in burned bone is currently unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of SEM-EDS to detect metallic residues transferred from sharp tools to bone that was subsequently burned, thereby contributing to the development of an identification procedure in forensic investigation. Ten knife strikes were inflicted on fleshed porcine ribs, which were then burned in an electric muffle furnace at 700 °C for two hours. Sharp lesions were analyzed using SEM-EDS to identify transferred chemical elements. Traces of iron and chromium were detected in seven lesions, with silicon identified in two samples. These elements, absent from the control samples, provided robust evidence of transfer from the blade to the bone. The residues appeared as bright spots with either undefined shapes or well-defined particles, located along the lesion edges. This study is the first to confirm the identification of metallic traces from SFT in bone subsequently exposed to heat using SEM-EDS. Despite thermal exposure, residues persist and remain detectable. SEM-EDS analysis is thus a non-destructive, valuable technique for distinguishing heat-induced bone damage from SFT. Further research with a larger sample and a broader range of implements is needed to validate and extend these findings for forensic applications.
- Epidemiology and treatment of respiratory nematode infections in western European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus)Publication . Baptista, Catarina Jota; Gama, Inês; Serena, Julia; Heneberg, Petr; Cásero, María; Carvalho, Luís Madeira deRespiratory nematodes are common in rescued western European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus), but their epidemiology and treatment in rehabilitation settings remain poorly defined. We investigated respiratory nematode infections in 78 fecal samples of 30 hedgehogs admitted to a wildlife rehabilitation center in southern Portugal and in putative gastropod intermediate hosts. Outcomes after subcutaneous levamisole (10–20 mg/kg) and ivermectin (3 mg/kg) treatments, monitored by the Baermann technique, were compared. Respiratory nematode infections were highly prevalent in rescued hedgehogs and may be sustained within rehabilitation facilities by infected gastropod intermediate hosts. At the animal level, Crenosoma striatum was detected in 63% of hedgehogs and Capillaria spp. in 7% of hedgehogs, including a mixed infection in one hedgehog. The Baermann technique was the most sensitive method for detecting C. striatum. Samples from outdoor enclosures were more often positive for C. striatum than those from indoor enclosures (55% vs. 29%). All the examined gastropods (10/10) were positive for C. striatum larvae, supporting active transmission within the rehabilitation center. Outcomes were better with levamisole than with ivermectin, although persistence and relapses were frequent. Neither treatment resulted in consistent clearance. These findings support the need for integrated parasite management and standardized treatment protocols in wildlife rehabilitation centers.
- GrandQC adaptation as an artificial intelligence tool for quantitative artifact detection in hematoxylin and eosin whole-slide images : simulation of quality control biopsies dayPublication . Borrecho, Gonçalo; Nina, Pedro; Santos, Ricardo; Ferreira, Inês; Salgueiro, Pedro; Madeira, Catarina; Rato, Luís; Oliveira, Rui CaetanoIntroduction: Digital pathology continues to transform the daily routine of pathology, in terms of the increasingly automated laboratory and in the diagnostic paradigm through the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) tools to support diagnosis—computational pathology. The reliability and performance of these tools depend on the whole-slide image (WSI) quality being guaranteed a priori. Pre-analytical quality control step that underpins this guarantee, and artifact detection remains largely qualitative and is frequently overlooked in routine digital pathology. This operational feasibility study evaluated whether an adaptation of GrandQC, an open-source AI tool, enables automated, quantitative artifact assessment of a complete single-day biopsy workload from a high-throughput digital pathology laboratory, analyzed retrospectively. Material and methods: A random biopsies day of 2025 at Centro de Anatomia Patológica Germano de Sousa (CAPGS) was selected as a sample to test the performance of GrandQC on the WSI generated (n = 544) in order to simulate the daily workflow. A script was created to quantify the pixels corresponding to the type of artifact automatically, creating an Excel file for registering and statistical analysis. Results: Analysis took a median of 24 s per WSI, detecting a median of 1.46% of tissue area with some type of artifact. Dark Spots and blurring areas were the most representative detected artifacts. Conclusion: GrandQC is a valuable tool in the quantitative quality control of biopsies tissue, allowing quick evaluation, signaling types of artifacts, and identifying cases that need to be reviewed before being handed over to the pathologist allowing the recognition of opportunities to improve laboratory histology quality and precision medicine.
- European Society of Clinical Pharmacy : bridging gaps—clinical pharmacy in the digital transition of carePublication . Guerreiro, Mara Pereira; Paulino, Ema
- Botulinum toxin type A for trigeminal and postherpetic neuralgia : an umbrella review of systematic reviewsPublication . Canales, Giancarlo De la Torre; Dureisseix, Marie-Amélie; Santos, Thiago Germano dos; Cebola, Pedro Miguel Teixeira Carvas; Nascimento, Glauce Crivelaro do; Foscaldo, Tatiana; Poluha, Rodrigo Lorenzi; Durham, Justin; Christidis, NikolaosBackground and Objective: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) are severe peripheral neuropathic pain conditions associated with substantial functional impairment. Although pharmacological treatments are available, many patients experience insufficient efficacy or poor tolerability. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has emerged as a potential treatment, but uncertainties remain regarding its efficacy, safety, and clinical positioning. This umbrella review aimed to synthesise evidence from systematic reviews evaluating BoNT-A in TN and PHN. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL from inception to November 2025. Systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis evaluating BoNT-A in adults with TN or PHN were included. Methodological quality was assessed using AMSTAR-2, and only moderate- or high-quality reviews were included. Primary outcomes were pain intensity reduction and responder rates (≥ 50% pain reduction). Secondary outcomes included quality of life and adverse events. Results: Ten systematic reviews (2015–2024) met the inclusion criteria. Botulinum toxin type A was consistently associated with reductions in pain intensity and higher responder rates than placebo, particularly in TN. In PHN, evidence was more limited but supported short-term (1–3 months) improvements in pain intensity. Evidence on quality of life was scarce and inconclusive. Botulinum toxin type A was well tolerated, with mostly mild and transient adverse events. Conclusions: Botulinum toxin type A appears to provide short-term pain relief in selected patients with TN and PHN and is generally well tolerated. Current evidence supports its role as an adjunctive third-line option for focal peripheral neuropathic pain, although heterogeneity and limited long-term data warrant cautious interpretation.
- Quantifying Market Sentiment Influence on Systemic Connectedness: A Quantile-Based Analysis Across Asset ClassesPublication . Almeida, Dora; Ferreira, Paulo; Dionísio, Andreia; Quintino, Derick; Aslam, Faheem; Corresponding author: Almeida, Dora.Financial markets are becoming more interconnected, leading to a better understanding of how shocks can spread across different markets. Investor sentiment is crucial in market dynamics, especially during high volatility. However, traditional mean-based connectedness measures fail to capture asymmetric dependence and tail-risk dynamics and are therefore less suitable under extreme market conditions, such as crises or periods of heightened uncertainty. Against this backdrop, this study employs a quantile connectedness approach to analyze the transmission of shocks among ten financial indices, including a crypto assets-related index and an economic-news-related sentiment index. The results show significant changes in shock transmission patterns, with the Daily News Sentiment Index (DNSI) being the primary transmitter during bull markets, reinforcing the influence of news sentiment on investor behavior. Traditional indices like MSCI USA (MSCI_USA) and MSCI Europe (MSCI_EUR) are key transmitters in bear and normal market conditions, while MSCI China (MSCI_CN) and the Dow Jones Commodity Index (DJCI) are more sensitive to external shocks and act as net receivers. Furthermore, the dynamic analysis highlights the evolving role of sentiment-based indicators, particularly in extreme market regimes, supporting the role of sentiment-driven contagion effects and emphasizing their relevance for risk management. These findings highlight the importance of sentiment and traditional and emerging markets in risk management and portfolio diversification for investors and policymakers.
- Reabilitação oral pós-cirurgia maxilo-facial : papel das próteses obturadorasPublication . Benamara, Lydia; Félix, Sérgio AntunesA reabilitação dos defeitos maxilares após cirurgia maxilo-facial representa um desafio funcional, protético e psicossocial, particularmente quando existe comunicação oro-nasal ou oro-antral. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o papel das próteses obturadoras na reabilitação oral destes doentes, considerando as suas indicações, princípios de conceção, fases clínicas, resultados e limites. A literatura analisada mostra que os obturadores podem contribuir para melhorar a fala, a deglutição, a mastigação, o conforto, a estética e a qualidade de vida, desde que exista uma adaptação protética adequada e um acompanhamento clínico regular. A previsibilidade da reabilitação depende de fatores como a extensão do defeito, a retenção disponível, a estabilidade da prótese, a qualidade dos tecidos, a presença de dentes remanescentes e a capacidade de manutenção a longo prazo. A comparação com alternativas reconstrutivas ou implanto-retidas evidencia que a escolha terapêutica deve ser individualizada e orientada pelas características anatómicas, funcionais e sistémicas de cada doente. Assim, a prótese obturadora permanece uma opção reabilitadora relevante, desde que integrada numa abordagem multidisciplinar e centrada no doente.
- A utilização das redes sociais e o desenvolvimento da literacia em saúde oralPublication . Falcón, Lourdes Cid; Couvaneiro, JoãoA presente investigação analisa o impacto da Inteligência Artificial (IA) generativa e do marketing digital na promoção da literacia em saúde oral no Tik Tok. Face à infodemia e à proliferação de mitos online que comprometem a autonomia do paciente, torna-se imperativo que a comunidade científica ocupe o espaço digital com conteúdos cientificamente validados. Para responder a este desafio na Saúde 4.0 (a digitalização e personalização dos cuidados através da tecnologia), o estudo teve como objetivo monitorizar o canal @canaldadentista. O projeto baseou-se num ciclo de vídeos educativos estruturados em micro-learning (conteúdos curtos e de rápido consumo) mediados por um avatar sintético multimodal, formato idealizado para otimizar a retenção cognitiva e simplificar conceitos clínicos para o público jovem. A metodologia mista apoiou-se em ferramentas de analítica digital e estratégias híbridas de distribuição, integrando o investimento em tráfego pago (TikTok Ads) para superar as limitações de alcance impostas pelos algoritmos das redes sociais. Os principais resultados revelam que a quase totalidade do tráfego foi impulsionada pela página de recomendação "Para ti", validando a estratégia de distribuição. A audiência caracterizou-se por um perfil predominantemente feminino, jovem-adulto e concentrado geograficamente na Península Ibérica. A análise das interações indicou que temas estéticos e funcionais geram maior volume de dúvidas, ao passo que conteúdos preventivos registam elevada taxa de salvamentos, refletindo o interesse na retenção prática da informação. Conclui-se que a fusão entre Medicina Dentária, IA e marketing digital constitui uma estratégia robusta para democratizar a saúde pública digital, superando a desinformação e fortalecendo a literacia crítica da população.
- Avaliação comparativa entre o exame clínico e a fotografia digital com e sem luz polarizada cruzada na deteção de lesões de white spotPublication . Dutrey, Marine; Manso, Ana Cristina; Peixoto, AndréObjetivo: Comparar o desempenho diagnóstico do exame clínico visual-tátil com o da fotografia digital com e sem luz polarizada cruzada (CPL) na deteção das lesões White spot (WSL). Método: Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 23 participantes adultos (≥18 anos), recrutados na clínica da Egas Moniz School of Health & Science. Foram avaliadas 552 superfícies vestibulares, classificadas segundo os critérios ICDASII através de exame visual-tátil. As fotografias convencionais e com CPL foram realizadas segundo um protocolo padronizado. O desempenho diagnóstico foi avaliado através da sensibilidade, especificidade, acurácia, valores preditivos, AUC, Kappa ponderado e teste de Bowker, com estimativa de intervalos de confiança de 95% por bootstrap em cluster ao nível do participante. Resultados: A fotografia com CPL apresentou sensibilidade ligeiramente superior à fotografia convencional na deteção de WSL (ICDAS ≥ 1: 93,1 % vs. 91,2 %; ICDAS ≥ 2: 93,7 % vs. 91,5 %), sem diferenças estatisticamente significativas. A fotografia convencional apresentou valores de especificidade superiores (ICDAS ≥ 1: 70,3 % vs. 64,9 %; ICDAS ≥ 2: 68,0 % vs. 56,7 %) e maior acurácia, tanto para ICDAS ≥1 (82,6 % vs. 81,4 %; p < 0,001) como para ICDAS ≥2 (74,2 % vs. 66,4 %; p < 0,001). Conclusão: A fotografia com CPL demonstrou maior sensibilidade na deteção de WSL, enquanto a fotografia convencional apresentou maior especificidade e acurácia global. Estes resultados sugerem que os métodos fotográficos podem constituir ferramentas complementares úteis no diagnóstico precoce e na monitorização clínica destas lesões.