Percorrer por autor "Santos, Vanessa"
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- Arterial stiffness following endurance and resistance exercise sessions in older patients with coronary artery diseasePublication . Santos, Vanessa; Massuça, Luís Miguel; Angarten, Vitor; Melo, Xavier; Pinto, Rita; Fernhall, Bo; Santa-Clara, HelenaArterial stiffness (AS) is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Acute endurance training decreases AS, whereas acute resistance training increases it. However, these results are from studies in apparently healthy adults, and there is no information on the effects of such afterload AS in elderly patients with CAD. We aimed to investigate the effect of acute endurance or resistance training on the time course of changes in the indices of AS in elderly patients with CAD in order to understand how stiffness responds after training. We tested 18 trained men with CAD. AS was measured using central and peripheral pulse wave velocity (PWV) after 15 min of rest and after 5, 15, and 30 min of endurance and resistance training sessions. The endurance session consisted of high-intensity interval walking at 85–90% of maximum heart rate, and the resistance session consisted of 70% of the maximum of one repetition. An interaction effect was found for central and peripheral PWV (p ≤ 0.001; carotid, η2 = 0.72; aortic, η2 = 0.90; femoral, η2 = 0.74), which was due to an increase in PWV after resistance and a decrease in central and peripheral PWV after endurance. This study demonstrates that training mode influences the time course of AS responses to acute exercise in these patients. Acute endurance training decreased AS, whereas resistance training significantly increased it.
- Arterial stiffness response to acute combined training with different volumes in coronary artery disease and heart failure patientsPublication . Santos, Vanessa; Massuça, Luís Miguel; Angarten, Vítor; Melo, Xavier; Pinto, Rita; Fernhall, Bo; Santa-Clara, HelenaResistance training has been shown to acutely increase arterial stiffness (AS), while endurance training appears to decrease AS. However, the findings are from studies in apparently healthy subjects and have limited applicability to patients at low and high cardiovascular risk, for whom combined exercise is recommended. We compared the time course of changes in local and regional indices of AS in response to high-volume combined endurance training (CET) and high-volume combined resistance training (CRT) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF). We studied 20 men with CAD and HF (10 each) aged 68.3 ± 9.6 years. AS was measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), and brachial and central blood pressure (BP) were determined after 15 min of rest and 5 and 15 min after the exercise session. All patients completed two sessions on nonconsecutive days. A protocol by time interaction effect was observed for carotid (η2 = 0.21, p = 0.02), aortic (η2 = 0.60, p < 0.001), and femoral (η2 = 0.46, p = 0.01) PWV after CET and CRT, suggesting that PWV decreased after CET and increased after CRT. Decreases in the brachial and central variables of BP across time points were observed in both protocols. CET decreased whereas CRT increased carotid, aortic, and femoral PWV at 15 min after exercise in patients with CAD and HF.
- Associations of muscle mass, strength, and power with falls among active community-dwelling older adultsPublication . Marconcin, Priscila; Serpa, Joana; Mira, José; Silva, Ana Lúcia; Martinho, Estela São; Loureiro, Vânia; Gomes, Margarida; Hăisan, Petronela; Casanova, Nuno; Santos, VanessaBackground/Objectives: Falls are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults, even among those who are physically active. This study examined the associations between skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle power and fall risk in physically active, community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with 280 participants (71.9 ± 5.3 years; 75% women) enrolled in the Stay Up–Falls Prevention Project. Assessments included skeletal muscle mass (anthropometric prediction equation), handgrip strength, lower limb strength and power (Five Times Sit-to-Stand test, 5×STS), and fall history over the past 12 months. Muscle power was calculated from 5×STS performance using the equation proposed by Alcazar and colleagues. Logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed. Results: Overall, 26.4% of participants reported at least one fall in the previous year, with a higher prevalence among women (28.9%) than men (18.8%). Fallers showed significantly lower handgrip strength (23.1 vs. 25.4 kg, p = 0.022) and poorer lower limb strength (9.2 vs. 8.7 s, p = 0.007) compared with non-fallers. However, no significant differences were found for skeletal muscle mass or sit-to-stand–derived power. In multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, and medications, lower limb strength remained the only independent variable associated with fall status (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.11–2.85, p = 0.016). ROC analysis confirmed fair discriminative capacity for 5×STS performance (AUC = 0.616, p = 0.003), with an optimal cut-off of 8.62 s (sensitivity = 78.4%, specificity = 33.0%). Handgrip strength, muscle mass, and power did not show independent associations with fall status. Conclusions: These findings indicate that the 5×STS test provides a simple, cost-effective, and functional indicator for fall-risk stratification in physically active older adults. Clinicians should consider the 5×STS as a sensitive functional indicator that contributes to fall risk stratification, ideally combined with complementary assessments (e.g., balance, gait, cognition) to improve risk stratification and guide preventive interventions in ageing populations.
- A necessidade de intervenções de bem-estar nos profissionais de PolíciaPublication . Santos, VanessaSegundo a literatura, o trabalho policial é já por si um fator de risco cardiovascular. Muitas das funções que o trabalho policial implica têm riscos associados, como por exemplo o tempo sentado em patrulhas, aumentando o tempo de sedentarismo dos agentes (Lockie et al., 2021). O trabalho porturnos, o descanso irregular, ou a falta de horas de descanso, influenciam diretamente a capacidade física dos agentes. Os equipamentos de proteção individual acarretam perdas significativas no rendimento dos operacionais, pela limitação de mobilidade e fadiga provocada (Mona et al., 2019; Schram et al., 2020; Schram et al., 2019); bem como o stress associado às funções inesperadas, o desgaste físico e situações físicas extremas, aumentando o risco cardiovascular (Schram et al., 2018). Todos estes riscos devem ser tidos em conta pelos agentes policiais de forma a não atingirem estados extremos que conduzam à doença (Beck et al., 2015; Thomas et al., 2018).
- Post-exercise differential response of central and brachial blood pressure in patients with coronary artery disease : a randomized crossover trialPublication . Marôco, João Luís; Angarten, Vitor; Pinto, Rita; Santos, Vanessa; Fernhall, Bo; Santa-Clara, Helena; Melo, XavierThe post-exercise hypotension response is controversial among patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Factors behind this disparity may include post-exercise differential effects on central and brachial blood pressure (BP), exercise intensity and inter-individual variability. Thus, we investigate group and individual central and brachial BP responses 5, 15 and 30-min after combined exercise of different intensities in participants with and without CAD. Seventeen participants with stable CAD and eighteen aged-matched controls (52–81 years) completed an acute bout of high and moderate-intensity combined exercise. Brachial and central systolic (cSBP) pressures were assessed via oscillometry and carotid tonometry, respectively. Central pulse wave velocity was also measured. Group mean changes were examined with linear mixed models, and bSBP and cSBP post-exercise individual responsiveness quantified via the region of practical equivalence and highest density interval, a Bayesian decision rule. Regardless of exercise intensity, cSBP was persistently increased during recovery in participants with CAD (difference 30 –baseline (d30-bas) = 10, 95% CI: 4 to 17 mmHg, p = 0.001) but reduced in controls (d30-bas = -13, 95% CI: -19 to -7 mmHg, p = 0.003). bSBP was unchanged in both groups (CAD: d30-bas = 1, 95% CI: -3 to 6 mmHg, p = 0.995, control: d30-bas = -4, 95% CI: -2 to 8 mmHg, p = 0.999). Most participants with CAD exhibited sustained elevations in cSBP (n = 10), while most controls were post-exercise hypertensive responders (n = 11) with changes >|5| mmHg. We found differential post-exercise effects on central and brachial BP independent from combined exercise intensity but not clinical population.