Browsing by Author "Ravara, S"
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- Exposição das crianças ao fumo ambiental do tabaco em casa e no carroPublication . Precioso, J; Araújo; Machado, J; Samorinha, C; Calheiros, J; Becoña, E; Ravara, S; Vitória, P; Rosas, M; Bonito, J; Antunes, H
- Recommendations for the implementation of a national lung cancer screening program in Portugal—A consensus statementPublication . Fernandes, MG; Dias, M; Santos, R; Ravara, S; Fernandes, P; Firmino-Machado, J; Antunes, JP; Fernandes, O; Madureira, A; Hespanhol, V; Rodrigues, C; Vicente, CA; Alves, S; Mendes, G; Ilgenfritz, R; Pinto, BS; Alves, J; Saraiva, I; Bárbara, C; Cipriano, MA; Figueiredo, A; Uva, MS; Jacinto, N; Curvo-Semedo, L; Morais, ALung cancer (LC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Lung Cancer Screening (LCS) programs that use low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) have been shown to reduce LC mortality by up to 25 % and are considered cost-effective. The European Health Union has encouraged its Member States to explore the feasibility of LCS implementation in their respective countries. The task force conducted a comprehensive literature review and engaged in extensive discussions to provide recommendations. These recommendations encompass the essential components required to initiate pilot LCS programs following the guidelines established by the World Health Organization. They were tailored to align with the specific context of the Portuguese healthcare system. The document addresses critical aspects, including the eligible population, methods for issuing invitations, radiological prerequisites, procedures for reporting results, referral processes, diagnostic strategies, program implementation, and ongoing monitoring. Furthermore, the task force emphasized that pairing LCS with evidence-based smoking cessation should be the standard of care for a high-quality screening program. This document also identifies areas for further research. These recommendations aim to guarantee that the implementation of a Portuguese LCS program ensures high-quality standards, consistency, and uniformity across centres.
- Smoke-free homes programme : past, present and futurePublication . Precioso, J; Calheiros, J; Samorinha, C; Antunes, H; Machado, JE; Macedo, M; Bonito, J; Vitória, P; Ravara, SChildhood exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) is associated with serious health problems. Despite the recognised severity of childhood exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), several studies show high prevalence of exposed children in the world and also in Portugal. In order to protect children of this serious health hazard an ETS type preventive programme, “Smoke free-homes”, was developed and tested in Portugal. Its main purpose is to increase the number of parents who do not smoke and / or to reinforce the norm of not allowing smoking at home and in the car, enabling “participant students” to proactively promote parents’ behaviour change and effectively reduce or avoid ETS home exposure. This is a school based programme, to be applied in the classroom by teachers. A exposição das crianças ao Fumo Ambiental do Tabaco (FAT) está associada a graves problemas de saúde. Apesar da evidência científica sobre a gravidade da exposição das crianças ao FAT, muitos estudos mostram que existe uma elevada percentagem de crianças expostas ao FAT no Mundo (aproximadamente 50%) e também em Portugal (40% segundo alguns estudos realizados). Com o objectivo de proteger as crianças desta agressão, foi desenhado em Portugal o programa de prevenção denominado “Domicílios Livres de Fumo”. A sua principal finalidade é aumentar a prevalência de pais e mães que não fumam (e/ou não permitam que se fume) em casa e no carro. O programa foi desenhado para ser aplicado nas salas de aulas, pelos professores.