Browsing by Author "Marques, H"
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- Análise económica do rituximab, em associação com ciclofosfamida, vincristina e prednisolona no tratamento de doentes com linfoma folicular avançado em PortugalPublication . Braga, P; Carvalho, S; Gomes, M; Guerra, L; Lúcio, P; Marques, H; Negreiro, F; Pereira, C; Silva, C; Teixeira, AOBJECTIVE: Evaluate costs and benefits of rituximab in combination with cyclophosphamide/vincristine/prednisolone chemotherapy regimen (R-CVP), in previously untreated patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), compared to CVP alone from a Portuguese National Health System (NHS) perspective. METHODS: Cost-effectiveness (Life Years Gained--LYG) and cost-utility analysis (Quality Adjusted Life Years--QALYs) were performed for a time horizon of 10 years, according to a Markov economic model with three health states (progression free survival, progression and death) and monthly cycles for a population of previously untreated patients with indolent NHL. Data from a phase III clinical trial was used and expanded to include unpublished 53-month median follow-up data. Survival after first-line therapy was estimated from the Scotland and Newcastle Lymphoma Group registry data and utilities were derived from a study in the UK performed in patients with follicular lymphoma. Resource consumption was estimated by a Portuguese expert panel (Delbecq Panel). Costs were calculated from the Portuguese NHS perspective through official data with prices updated to 2008. Only direct medical costs were considered. Costs and clinical outcomes were discounted at 5% per annum. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed around assumptions on the time horizon, costs, utilities and excess mortality rate due to progression applied in the base-case analysis. RESULTS: The 10-year base-case analysis showed a lower total cost per patient with CVP alone (€ 85,838) in comparison with R-CVP (€ 87,774). Life expectancy and Quality adjusted life expectancy per patient were higher with R-CVP (6.361 and 4.166, respectively) than with CVP alone (5.557 and 3.438, respectively), representing increases of 0.804 in LYG and 0.728 (8.7 months) in QALYs gained. The incremental cost per LYG was € 2,407 and the incremental cost per QALY gained was € 2,661. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the base-case analysis results. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the combination R-CVP in previously untreated indolent NHL patients improves life expectancy and is a cost-effective alternative to CVP in Portugal.
- Assimetria pulmonar na telerradiografia do tóraxPublication . Oliveira, R; Martins, JD; Marques, H; Santos, O; Freitas, I; Pinto, FFThe unilateral absence of one pulmonary artery is a rare congenital abnormality. The authors report a clinical case of a two-year-old boy with no previous medical history who was referred for evaluation after the detection of pulmonary asymmetry on the chest X-ray with a right mediastinal shift. The CT scan and pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy pointed to an absent right pulmonary artery, which was confirmed by right heart catheterization and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. This is an important pathology because early diagnosis and timely correction can prevent future complications. Since at this time the patient is asymptomatic, the authors opted for careful clinical vigilance.
- Association of adult mastocytosis with M541L in the transmembrane domain of KITPublication . Rocha, J; Duarte, ML; Marques, H; Torres, F; Tavares, P; Silva, A; Brito, C
- Detection of the Epstein-Barr virus in blood and bone marrow mononuclear cells of patients with aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is not associated with prognosisPublication . Marques, H; Catarino, R; Domingues, N; Barros, E; Portela, C; Almeida, MI; Costa, S; Reis, RM; Medeiros, R; Longatto-Filho, AThe Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a large spectrum of lymphoproliferative diseases. Traditional methods of EBV detection include the immunohistochemical identification of viral proteins and DNA probes to the viral genome in tumoral tissue. The present study explored the detection of the EBV genome, using the BALF5 gene, in the bone marrow or blood mononuclear cells of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) and related its presence to the clinical variables and risk factors. The results show that EBV detection in 21.5% of patients is not associated with age, gender, staging, B symptoms, international prognostic index scores or any analytical parameters, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) or β-2 microglobulin (B2M). The majority of patients were treated with R-CHOP-like (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone or an equivalent combination) and some with CHOP-like chemotherapy. Response rates [complete response (CR) + partial response (PR)] were not significantly different between EBV-negative and -positive cases, with 93.2 and 88.9%, respectively. The survival rate was also similar in the two groups, with 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of 64.3 and 76.7%, respectively. However, when analyzing the treatment groups separately there was a trend in EBV-positive patients for a worse prognosis in patients treated with CHOP-like regimens that was not identified in patients treated with R-CHOP-like regimens. We conclude that EBV detection in the bone marrow and blood mononuclear cells of DLBC patients has the same frequency of EBV detection on tumoral lymphoma tissue but is not associated with the risk factors, response rate and survival in patients treated mainly with immunochemotherapy plus rituximab. These results also suggest that the addition of rituximab to chemotherapy improves the prognosis associated with EBV detection in DLBCL.
- Indeterminate cell histiocytosis in association with acute myeloid leukemiaPublication . Ventura, F; Pereira, T; Duarte, ML; Marques, H; Pardal, F; Brito, CIndeterminate cell histiocytosis (ICH) is a rare proliferative disorder, in which the predominant cells share morphologic and immunophenotypic features from both Langerhans and non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. We describe a 62-year-old man presenting a 2-month history of firm nodular lesions on the upper lip. Histopathology, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural analysis showed typical findings of ICH. The patient was treated with thalidomide and almost complete regression of the lesions was reached within 7 months. Nevertheless, one month after remission, he developed an acute myeloid leukemia of the subtype monocytic leukemia (M5). The patient's condition rapidly worsened and he died due to a respiratory failure four weeks later. We present this case because apart of being rare it joins the effectiveness of thalidomide and the association with an acute monocytic leukemia. A review of the literature is made.
- Linfomas não-Hodgkin extraganglionares: uma análise retrospectivaPublication . Trindade, I; Almeida, M; Coimbra, F; Portela, C; Esperança, S; Marques, HNa maioria dos linfomas não-Hodgkin (LNH), o envolvimento extra-ganglionar surge durante o curso da doença. Contudo alguns LNH têm origem em locais que não os gânglios linfáticos ou o baço, sendo designados por LNH extra-ganglionares. Este estudo tem como objectivo ilustrar as características clínico-patológicas dos doentes com LNH extra-ganglionares primários (LNH-EP). Foram avaliados 125 casos de LNH, dos quais 37 (30%) foram considerados LNH-EP. A proporção entre os sexos foi de 1:1, com uma média de idades de 61 anos. Surgiram 8 casos (20%) de LNH de fenótipo T e 29 casos (80%) de LNH de fenótipo B. Os locais mais atingidos foram a pele em 12 casos (32,4%) e o trato gastrointestinal em 11 (29,7%); 24% tinham sintomas B; 81% eram localizados (estadio IE e IIE). De acordo com a histologia, segundo a classificação da OMS, 1 caso (3%) era altamente agressivo (linfoma de Burkitt), 68% agressivos e 29% indolentes. O linfoma B difuso de grandes células (LNH B DGC) constitui 51% e o linfoma de MALT 14% de todos os casos. O índice de prognóstico internacional (IPI) demonstrou que 7% dos doentes pertenciam ao grupo de risco alto, 3% intermédio alto, 20% risco intermédio baixo e 70% risco baixo. Em conclusão, os LNH-EP são um grupo heterogéneo de doenças, sendo as localizações mais frequentes a pele e o trato gastrointestinal. Há uma maior percentagem de LNH T extra-ganglionar do que o descrito para o LNH ganglionar. O tipo histológico mais frequente foi o LNH B DGC. O IPI revelou-se discriminativo relativamente à sobrevivência, mas a sua aplicabilidade nos LNH extra-ganglionares é questionável, porque não divide homogeneamente os doentes. (Discussão) (...) A classificação hematológica das neoplasias para a OMS divide as neoplasias em células B, células T e células 'natural killer'. A importância desta classificação histológica reside no comportamento clínico (indolente, agressivo, muito agressivo) do LNH em questão. Os LNH indolentes (centro-folicular, zona marginal incluíndo MALT, micose fungóide) têm sobrevivência longa mesmo sem tratamento; os LNH agressivos e muito agressivos têm cura mas são rapidamente fatais se não forem tratados ou se se revelarem resistentes. No nosso estudo não foi possível estabelecer uma relação entre sobrevivência aos 12 meses nos LNH indolentes comos agressivos. No grupo dos LNH muito agressivos (l. Burkitt) só existiu 1 caso, que permaneceu vivo e sem doença até ao fim do estudo. Os que tinham doença localizada tiveram sobrevivência maior do que os que tinham doença disseminada, não sendo possível contudo estabelecer uma correlação estatisticamente significativa. Este achado parece-nos relevante, e pode não ser inteiramente inesperado: o sistema de estadiamento de Ann Arbor foi criado para a estratificação de doentes com linfoma de Hodgkin, que ao contrário dos LNH evolui e progride por patamares sequenciais, atingindo as cadeias ganglionares a partir de um gânglio patológico. Quanto à biologia do LNH, o processo é diferente, podendo haver doença extra-ganglionar ou atingimento da medula óssea apesar de escassa massa tumoral ganglionar, o que traduz uma insuficiente correlação entre a massa tumoral e o patamar de evolução, mensurado pelo sistema de Ann Arbor no caso de LNH. A incapacidade discriminativa deste sistema para medir a massa tumoral e o prognóstico levou ao aparecimento do IPI (índice prognóstico internacional), especificamente adaptado ao LNH de alto grau. Posteriormente surgiram o FLIPI e MIPI adaptados do linfoma folicular e de células do manto, respectivamente. Neste trabalho confirmou-se que o sistema de Ann Arbor não é útil para os LNH extra-ganglionares. Demonstrou-se que existe uma correlação estatisticamente significativa nos doentes com DHL elevada e IPI de alto grau, associando-se uma maior mortalidade. A utilidade clínica do IPI no LNH extra-ganglionar levanta no entanto alguma dificuldade, já que estratifica mal os doentes; a maioria pertencia ao grupo de baixo risco e só 10% estavam no grupo de alto risco, onde se pode prever uma evolução mais agressiva. Uma vez que o nosso estudo é retrospectivo e tem uma amostra reduzida, as conclusões devem ser tomadas com precaução. Será necessário um aumento da amostra em estudo e/ou a conjugação com dados de outros centros para se estabelecerem premissas com maior poder estatístico. (Conclusão) Os linfomas cutâneos e do trato gastrointestinal demonstraram ser os mais prevalentes, assim como o subtipo histológico de LNH difuso de grandes células. O IPI demonstrou ser um factor discriminatório na sobrevida dos doentes, mas não estratifica os doentes por grupos homogéneos, e portanto é de utilização duvidosa nos LNH extra-ganglionares.
- Recomendações para o diagnóstico, tratamento e monitorização da leucemia mielóide crónicaPublication . Almeida, A; Castro, I; Coutinho, J; Guerra, L; Marques, H; Pereira, AMChronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a clonal stem cell disease characterized by the expression of the fusion protein bcr-abl1, which has deregulated tirosine-kinase activity. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and in particular imatinib, introduced fundamental changes in the treatment of CML, becoming, in most cases, the first-line treatment of choice in the chronic phase of this disease. Compared to other available therapies imatinib results in a marked increase in overall survival, tolerability and quality of life. The introduction of second generation TKI, with increased potency against bcr-abl1, expanded the number of therapeutic options for this disease and offers an alternative for patients resistant or intolerant to imatinib or who have progressed to the accelerated phase under this therapy. In order to achieve optimal outcomes, TKI therapy must be managed rigorously, requiring a careful monitoring of treatment response in pre-established time periods, thus permitting disease evaluation and safe decision of the most adequate option. Despite the definition of the criteria for imatinib treatment response, the therapeutic strategies to adopt according to the responses obtained are less clear. The objective of this paper is to review the criteria for CML diagnosis, treatment and monitoring, with recommendations as to the most adequate therapeutic choice according to the response to TKI therapy. The paper also focuses the current lines of investigation and debate areas that in the short term can significantly change the therapeutic scenario in this disease. These recommendations, supported by published scientific evidence and by the clinical practice of the expert panel involved in their elaboration, may constitute an important instrument for a better understanding and standardisation of the treatment and monitoring of CML in Portugal.
- Sweet syndrome as the presenting symptom of hairy cell leukemiaPublication . Ventura, F; Rocha, J; Pereira, T; Marques, H; Pardal, F; Brito, C
- The amount of late gadolinium enhancement outperforms current guideline-recommended criteria in the identification of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy at risk of sudden cardiac deathPublication . Freitas, P; Ferreira, AM; Arteaga-Fernández, E; de Oliveira Antunes, M; Mesquita, J; Abecasis, J; Marques, H; Saraiva, C; Matos, DN; Rodrigues, R; Cardim, N; Mady, C; Rochitte, CEBACKGROUND: Identifying the patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in whom the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) justifies the implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in primary prevention remains challenging. Different risk stratification and criteria are used by the European and American guidelines in this setting. We sought to evaluate the role of cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in improving these risk stratification strategies. METHODS: We conducted a multicentric retrospective analysis of HCM patients who underwent CMR for diagnostic confirmation and/or risk stratification. Eligibility for ICD was assessed according to the HCM Risk-SCD score and the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association (ACCF/AHA) algorithm. The amount of LGE was quantified (LGE%) and categorized as 0%, 0.1-10%, 10.1-19.9% and ≥ 20%. The primary endpoint was a composite of SCD, aborted SCD, sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), or appropriate ICD discharge. RESULTS: A total of 493 patients were available for analysis (58% male, median age 46 years). LGE was present in 79% of patients, with a median LGE% of 2.9% (IQR 0.4-8.4%). The concordance between risk assessment by the HCM Risk-SCD, ACCF/AHA and LGE was relatively weak. During a median follow-up of 3.4 years (IQR 1.5-6.8 years), 23 patients experienced an event (12 SCDs, 6 appropriate ICD discharges and 5 sustained VTs). The amount of LGE was the only independent predictor of outcome (adjusted HR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.04-1.12; p < 0.001) after adjustment for the HCM Risk-SCD and ACCF/AHA criteria. The amount of LGE showed greater discriminative power (C-statistic 0.84; 95% CI: 0.76-0.91) than the ACCF/AHA (C-statistic 0.61; 95% CI: 0.49-0.72; p for comparison < 0.001) and the HCM Risk-SCD (C-statistic 0.68; 95% CI: 0.59-0.78; p for comparison = 0.006). LGE was able to increase the discriminative power of the ACCF/AHA and HCM Risk-SCD criteria, with net reclassification improvements of 0.36 (p = 0.021) and 0.43 (p = 0.011), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The amount of LGE seems to outperform the HCM Risk-SCD score and the ACCF/AHA algorithm in the identification of HCM patients at increased risk of SCD and reclassifies a relevant proportion of patients.
- The rs5743836 polymorphism in TLR9 confers a population-based increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphomaPublication . Carvalho, A; Cunha, C; Almeida, AJ; Osório, NS; Saraiva, M; Teixeira-Coelho, M; Pedreiro, S; Torrado, E; Domingues, N; Gomes-Alves, AG; Marques, A; Silva MG; Lacerda, JF; Gomes, M; Pinto, AC; Torres, F; Rendeiro, P; Tavares, P; Di Ianni, M; Heutink, P; Bracci, PM; Conde, L; Ludovico, P; Pedrosa, J; Maciel, P; Pitzurra, L; Aversa, F; Marques, H; Paiva, A; Skibola, CF; Romani, L; Castro, AG; Rodrigues, FNon-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has been associated with immunological defects, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Given the link between immune dysfunction and NHL, genetic variants in toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been regarded as potential predictive factors of susceptibility to NHL. Adequate anti-tumoral responses are known to depend on TLR9 function, such that the use of its synthetic ligand is being targeted as a therapeutic strategy. We investigated the association between the functional rs5743836 polymorphism in the TLR9 promoter and risk for B-cell NHL and its major subtypes in three independent case-control association studies from Portugal (1160 controls, 797 patients), Italy (468 controls, 494 patients) and the US (972 controls, 868 patients). We found that the rs5743836 polymorphism was significantly overtransmitted in both Portuguese (odds ratio (OR), 1.85; P=7.3E-9) and Italian (OR, 1.84; P=6.0E-5) and not in the US cohort of NHL patients. Moreover, the increased transcriptional activity of TLR9 in mononuclear cells from patients harboring rs5743836 further supports a functional effect of this polymorphism on NHL susceptibility in a population-dependent manner.