Browsing by Author "Hersberger, Kurt E."
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- Community pharmacist-led medication review procedures across Europe: characterization, implementation and remunerationPublication . LeilaImfeld-Isenegger, Tamara; Soares, Inês Branco; Makovec, Urska Nabergoj; Horvat, Nejc; Van Mil, Foppe; Costa, Filipa A.; Hersberger, Kurt E.Background: Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) proposed a definition and classification system (type 1, 2a, 2b, 3) for medication review in 2016. However, to date, a description of the implementation and remuneration of such procedures across Europe is lacking. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the medication review procedures and the level of implementation and remuneration in community pharmacies across Europe. Methods: An online survey was developed to characterize medication review procedures (PCNE classification), level of implementation (considering regional or national) and remuneration by a third party. This survey was sent to a purposive sample of three individuals per country, with a working background in community pharmacy, pharmacy practice research, or health policy to ensure reliable data. Data triangulation was used and consensus sought between the responses. Results: Data were received from 34 out of 44 targeted European countries (November 2016–October 2017) [response rate = 77%]. Overall, 55.9% of the countries provided at least one type of medication review as an implemented service or project. Type 1 medication review (based on the medication history) was provided in 13 countries, type 2a (medication history + patient interview) in 14, type 2b (medication history + clinical data) in two, and type 3 medication review (medication history + patient interview + clinical data) in four countries. Ten of the mentioned services or projects were remunerated by a third-party. Conclusion: Substantial heterogeneity was observed across Europe in various aspects, including the procedures, implementation level and remuneration obtained. Type 1 and 2a medication review services seem to be more feasible to implement in the community pharmacy than type 2b and 3. A large number of medication review projects were ongoing in community pharmacies, which suggests that new medication review services could become implemented in the coming years.
- Creating an Interprofessional guideline to support patients receiving oral anticoagulation therapy: a Delphi exercisePublication . Damen, Nikki L.; Van den Bemt, Bart J. F.; Hersberger, Kurt E.; Papastergiou, John; Costa, Filipa Alves da; Rydant, Silas; Wartenberg, Naomi S.; Lobban, Trudy; Arnet, Isabelle; Antoniou, Sotiris; International Pharmacists for Anticoagulation Care Taskforce (iPACT)Background: Oral anticoagulation therapy has proven beneficial impact on the prevention of thromboembolic events. However, the use of antocoagulatns also increases the risk of bleeds. To maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of the treatment, guidance on appropriate use of oral anticoagulants is essential. An international guideline describing relevant components and requirements for pharmaceutical care for patients receiving a therapy woth oral antocoagulants would increase the quality of care. However, recommendations on pharmaceutical care for patients on anticoagulation is lacking. Objective: This study aims to develop an interprofessional guideline to support patients in their use of oral anticoagulation therapy. Method: Two systematic literature searches were performed on existing guidelines on the management and interventions to improve-oral anticoagulant use, to generate possible recommendations. Subsequently, an international expert panel with 26 pharmacists with extensive experience in clinical and/or scientific work on anticoagulation from a total of 22 European and 4 non-European countries was constituted. With this (geographically well distributed) expert panel, a four-round internet-based Delphi technique was conducted to reach consensus on their relevance. Items were ranked on a 1-10 scale of agreement. A median agreement score of ≥ 7.5 was considered the threshold for consensus. Levels of importance were rated on a 1-3 scale. Setting A global network of 26 pharmacists specialized in oral antocoagulation therapy. Main outcome measure Development of inter-professional guideline. Results: After the four Delphi rounds 18 guideline recommendations were formulated. Consensus of opinion was achieved for all recommendations (median agreement: 8.5-10.0), whereas mean levels of importance were between 1.1 and 2.0 (SD: 0.2-0.7). The following domains were rated as most important targets for improving the care around oral anticoagulation: 'INR-monitoring', 'Transfer of care between health care settings', 'Adherence to medication', 'Patient communication and engagement', and 'Medication reconciliation and medication review'. Conclusion: The 18 recommendations included in this guideline provide the base for optimization of anticoagulation care across different countries/healthcare systems. Future work involves translating the guideline recommendations into clinical practice. Once implemented, the recommendations of the guideline will support health care providers with the pharmaceutical care for patients on, oral anticoagulation which will improve the effective and safe use of these medicines.
- PRACTISE - PhaRmAcist-led CogniTIve Services in Europe: recruitment and current statusPublication . Imfeld-Isenegger, Tamara L.; Soares, Inês Branco; Costa, Filipa A.; Makovec, Urska Nabergoj; Horvat, Nejc; Kos, Mitja; Hersberger, Kurt E.
- PRACTISE - PhaRmAcist-led CogniTIve Services in Europe: survey protocol and pilot studyPublication . Isenegger, Tamara L.; Soares, Maria I. Branco; Costa, Filipa Alves da; Hersberger, Kurt E.
- Provision of pharmaceutical care by community pharmacists across Europe: Is it developing and spreading?Publication . Costa, Filipa A.; Scullin, Claire; Al-Taani, Ghaith; Hawwa, Ahmed F.; Anderson, Claire; Bezverhni, Zinaida; Binakaj, Zahida; Cordina, Maria; Foulon, Veerle; Garcia de Bikuña, Borja; Gier, Han de; Granås, Anne Gerd; Grinstova, Olga; Griese-Mammen, Nina; Grincevicius, Jonas; Grinceviciene, Svitrigaile; Kaae, Susanne; Kubiliene, Loreta; Mariño, Eduardo L.; Martins, Silvia; Modamio, Pilar; Nadin, Giancarlo; Nørgaard, Lotte Stig; Obarcanin, Emina; Tadic, Ivana; Tasic, Ljiljana; McElnay, James C.; Hersberger, Kurt E.; Westerlund, TommyRationale, Aims, and Objectives Pharmaceutical care involves patient-centred pharmacist activity to improve medicines management by patients. The implementation of this service in a comprehensive manner, however, requires considerable organisation and effort, and indeed, it is often not fully implemented in care settings. The main objective was to assess how pharmaceutical care provision within community pharmacy has evolved over time in Europe.
- A survey to assess the availability, implementation rate and remuneration of pharmacist-led cognitive services throughout EuropePublication . Soares, Inês Branco; Imfeld-Isenegger, Tamara L.; Makovec, Urska Nabergoj; Horvat, Nejc; Kos, Mitja; Arnet, Isabell; Hersberger, Kurt E.; Costa, Filipa A.Background: Pharmacist-led cognitive services (PLCS) are increasingly necessary in primary care as a response to patient-centered care. However, the implementation rate and remuneration models of PLCS are either absent or superficially described in the literature. Objective: The aim of this study is to review the implementation of PLCS in primary care across Europe and explore the associated third-party paid remuneration models. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey sent to representatives of 44 European countries. The survey listed 21 PLCS and asked respondents to report the availability of the service, the rate of implementation and the existence of remuneration. To ensure credible data, data triangulation was sought using three representatives per country, representing backgrounds of community pharmacy, pharmacy practice research and health policy. Subsequently, data was validated, and consensus sought. Results: Data were collected between November 2016 and October 2017 from 34 different countries across Europe (79%). Provision of medicines’ information (94.1%), generic substitution (85.3%), provision of emergency oral contraception (70.6%) and point-of-care testing (67.7%) were the services reported as the most widely disseminated in European primary care. Medication review was the most disseminated among advanced services (55.9%). Medication review, adherence support and monitoring, prescription renewal, opioid substitution and travel medicine had the highest implementation rates reported. Half of the participating countries mentioned models of remuneration, predominantly based on a fee-for-service, with less frequent reports of pay-for-performance or mixed models of remuneration. Conclusions: The availability of PLCS is increasing and varying in scope across Europe. There is wide variation in the implementation level of services across Europe and a lack of valid data. Remuneration of PLCS is also spreading but no clear pattern was found that relates service provision to payment.