Percorrer por autor "Hernandez, Felix"
A mostrar 1 - 2 de 2
Resultados por página
Opções de ordenação
- Multi-year inter-laboratory exercises for the analysis of illicit drugs and metabolites in wastewater:Development of a quality control systemPublication . van Nuijs, Alexander L.N.; Lai, Foon Yin; Been, Frederic; Andres-Costa, Maria Jesus; Barron, Leon; Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio; Berset, Jean-Daniel; Benaglia, Lisa; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Burgard, Dan; Castiglioni, Sara; Christophoridis, Christophoros; Covaci, Adrian; de Voogt, Pim; Emke, Erik; Fatta-Kassinos, Despo; Fick, Jerker; Hernandez, Felix; Gerber, Cobus; González-Mariño, Iria; Grabic, Roman; Gunnar, Teemu; Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Karolak, Sara; Kasprzyk-Hordern, Barbara; Kokot, Zenon; Krizman-Matasic, Ivona; Li, Angela; Li, Xiqing; Löve, Arndís S.C.; Lopez de Alda, Miren; McCall, Ann-Kathrin; Meyer, Markus R.; Oberacher, Herbert; O'Brien, Jake; Quintana, Jose Benito; Reid, Malcolm; Schneider, Serge; Simões, Susana; Thomaidis, Nikolaos S.; Thomas, Kevin; Yargeau, Viviane; Ort, ChristophThis study presents the development of a worldwide inter-laboratory testing scheme for the analysis of seven illicit drug residues in different matrices (standard solutions, tap- and wastewater). By repeating this exercise for six years with participation of 37 laboratories from 25 countries, the testing scheme was substantially improved based on experiences gained across the years (e.g. matrix type, sample conditions, spiking levels). From the exercises, (pre-)analytical issues (e.g. pH adjustment, filtration) were revealed for some analytes which resulted in formulation of best- practice protocols, both for inter-laboratory setup and analytical procedures. The results illustrate the effectiveness of the inter-laboratory testing scheme in assessing laboratory performance in the framework of illicit drug analysis in wastewater. The exercise proved that measurements of laboratories were of high quality (> 80% satisfactory results for 6 out of 7 analytes) and that analytical follow-up is important to assist laboratories in improving robustness of wastewater-based epidemiology results.
- Screening of recently seized new psychoactive substances in urine of potential consumers and urban wastewaterPublication . Celma, Alberto; Bijlsma, Lubertus; Sancho, Juan V.; Hernandez, Felix; Dias, Mário; Simões, Susana; Salgueiro, Noelia; Castiglioni, Sara; Zuccato, EttoreNewPsychoactive Substances (NPS) areconstantly being developed as legalsubstitution of traditional drugs of abuse.Although the traditional drugs maintain popular, new drugs are regularly introduced, changing the drug market ceaselessly. Monitoring NPS and its consumption is challengingas these compoundsare normally missed in routine drug analysis. Users do often not exactly know what they consume andinformation available islimitedof what is being sold. Furthermore, very little information exists onmetabolism of these newly introduced NPS. This highlights the needof applying a strategic workflow making use of modernanalytical techniques to face this novel public health safety challenge.The workflowpresented in this work consists of three stages: i)the creation of a databaseincluding approximately 200 NPS. These NPS wererecently reported to the National Early Warning Systems (EWS) ofSpain andItaly and the EWS of the European Monitoring Center for Drugsand Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). ii) The collection of urine samples of individuals suspected of drug consumption, pooled urine samples from festivals and urban wastewater samples. iii) The screening of NPS using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution massspectrometry with a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass analyzer. Although the database is under constant development,including NPS reported to be present in wastewaters around Europe, new compounds appearing in the market, as well as metabolites reported in the literature, the workflow applied allowed the detection of several unchanged NPS in urine and pooled urine samples. In several cases, NPSwere also detected in wastewater samples, which indicatesthat consumptionof some of these compounds is elevated. The absence of reference standards for several NPS found, as well as for some NPS metabolites, made it unfeasible the full confirmation of some compounds in the urine/wastewater samples analyzed. However, accurate-mass full-spectrum data provided by HRMS allowed their tentative identification with high degree of reliability. The subsequent acquisition of reference standards, when available, will allow the unequivocal confirmation of their identity.