Browsing by Author "Cebola, M.J."
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- Antioxidant Capacity and Identification of Bioactive Compounds of Myrtus communis L. Extract Obtained by Ultrasound-Assisted ExtractionPublication . Pereira, P.; Cebola, M.J.; Oliveira, M.C.; Bernardo-Gil, M. G.Ultrasound-assisted extraction was used to investigate the polyphenolic compounds, particularly anthocyanins, present in myrtle alcoholic extracts. This type of extract is typical in the making of liqueurs obtained from herbs or plants, especially medicinal plants. The leaf extracts were found to contain flavonoids from the quercetin and myricetin families. Besides these, the berry extracts also showed the presence of anthocyanins, hydrolysable tannins and quinic acid. The antioxidant capacity was studied using the ORAC and TEAC methods and the polyphenol content was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The results showed that the values produced by the ORAC and TEAC methods were in agreement and that the antioxidant capacity correlated with the polyphenol content. The results showed that the leaf extracts exhibited higher antioxidant capacity than the berry extracts. The extraction method was easily implementable, and proved to be a swift method for obtaining bioactive compounds from vegetable matrices.
- Extraction Optimization and Structural and Thermal Characterization of the Antimicrobial Abietane 7α-Acetoxy-6βhydroxyroyleanonePublication . Bernardes, C.; Garcia, C.; Pereira, F.; Mota, J.; Pereira, P.; Cebola, M.J.; Reis, C.; Correia, I.; Piedade, M.F.; Piedade, M.The abietane 7α-acetoxy-6β-hydroxyroyleanone (AHR), obtained from plant extracts, is an attractive lead for drug development, given its known antimicrobial properties. Two basic requirements to establish any compound as a new drug are the development of a convenient extraction process and the characterization of its structural and thermal properties. In this work seven different methods were tested to optimize the extraction of AHR from Plectranthus grandidentatus. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) proved to be the method of choice, delivering an amount of AHR (57.351 μg·mg-1) approximately six times higher than the second best method (maceration in acetone; 9.77 μg·mg-1). Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the ARH molecular and crystal structure carried out at 167 ± 2 K and 296 ± 2 K showed only a single phase, here dubbed form III (orthorhombic space group P21212), at those temperatures. The presence of two other polymorphs above room temperature was, however, evidenced by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The three forms are enantiotropically related, with the form III → form II and form II → form I transitions occurring at 333.5 ± 1.6 K and 352.0 ± 1.6 K, respectively. The fact that the transitions are reversible suggests that polymorphism is not likely to be an issue in the development pharmaceutical formulations based on ARH. DSC experiments also showed that the compound decomposes on melting at 500.8 ± 0.8 K. Melting should therefore be avoided if, for example, strategies to improve solubility based on the production of glassy materials or solid dispersions are considered.
- HPLC/MS identification of the polyphenols present in an extract of Myrtus communis L. obtained by supercritical fluid extractionPublication . Pereira, P.; Cebola, M.J.; Oliveira, M.C; Bernardo-Gil, M.GNeste trabalho, estudámos um extrato obtido por extração de fluido supercrítica (ESC) usando um método mais simples de adição de co-solvente (etanol). Em vez de usar uma bomba de líquidos, que é o processo mais comum, o etanol foi introduzido diretamente na célula de extração, imediatamente após o carregamento da célula com a amostra de planta. Pretendeu-se investigar se esta alteração teria algum efeito na composição do extrato obtido. As condições experimentais utilizadas foram: temperatura 48 °C, pressão 10 MPa, caudal de fluido supercrítico (FSC) 130,71 dm3h-1 (0,238 kgh-1) e um volume de etanol de 104 cm3. Os compostos identificados por HPLC MS neste extrato foram o ácido quínico, o ácido quínico 3,5-di-O-galato, o ácido 3,4,5-galoilquinico, a miricetina galactósido-galato, a quercetina-galactósido-galato, a miricetina-galactósido e a quercetina-ramnósido).