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Percorrer por autor "Carolino, N."

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  • Long term experience in Autonomous Stations and production quality control
    Publication . Lopes, L.; Alves, A.B.; Assis, P.; Blanco, A.; Carolino, N.; Cerda, M.A.; Conceição, R.; Cunha, O.; Dobrigkeit, C.; Ferreira, M.; Fonte, P.; de Almeida, L.; Luz, R.; Martins, V.B.; Mendes, L.; Nogueira, J.C.; Pereira, A.; Pimenta, M.; Sarmento, R.; de Souza, V.; Tomé, B.
    2019-07-02Artigo científico Acesso restrito Ver mais
  • MARTA: a high-energy cosmic-ray detector concept for high-accuracy muon measurement
    Publication . Abreu, P. et al. (45 authors); Andringa, S.; Assis, P.; Blanco, A.; Brogueira, P; Carolino, N.; Cazon, L.; Conceição, R.; Cunha, O; Diogo, F.; Espadanal, J.; Ferreira, M.; Ferreira, P.; Fonte, P.; Gonçalves, P.; Lopes, L.; Mendes, L.; Pereira, A.; Pimenta, M.; Sarmento, R.; Tomé, B.; Wolters, H.
    A new concept for the direct measurement of muons in air showers is presented. The concept is based on resistive plate chambers (RPCs), which can directly measure muons with very good space and time resolution. The muon detector is shielded by placing it under another detector able to absorb and measure the electromagnetic component of the showers such as a water-Cherenkov detector, commonly used in air shower arrays. The combination of the two detectors in a single, compact detector unit provides a unique measurement that opens rich possibilities in the study of air showers.
    2018-04-24Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Muon Array with RPCs for Tagging Air showers (MARTA)
    Publication . Sarmento, Raul et al. (42 authors); Abreu, Pedro; Andringa Dias, Sofia; Assis, Pedro; Castro, Alberto Blanco; Brogueira, Pedro; Carolino, N.; Cazon, Lorenzo; Cunha, Orlando; Diogo, Francisco; Espadanal, João; Ferreira, Miguel; Fonte, Paulo; Goncalves, Patricia; Lopes, Luis; Luz, Ricardo; Mendes, Luis; Pereira, A.; Pimenta, M.; Espirito Santo, Catarina; Tome, B.; Wolters, Helmut
    We discuss the concept of an array with Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) for muon detection in ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) experiments. RPC have been used in particle physics experiments due to their fast timing properties and spatial resolution. The operation of a ground array detector poses challenging demands, as the RPC must operate remotely under extreme en- vironments, with limited power and minimal maintenance. In its baseline configuration, each MARTA unit includes one 1.5x1.2 m 2 RPC, with 64 pickup electrodes (pads). The DAQ sys- tem is based on an ASIC, allowing one to read out the high number of channels with low power consumption. Data are recorded using a dual technique: single particle counting with a simple threshold on the signal from each pad and charge integration for high occupancy. The RPC, DAQ, High Voltage and monitoring systems are enclosed in an aluminum-sealed case, providing a com- pact and robust unit suited for outdoor environments, which can be easily deployed and connected. The RPCs developed at LIP-Coimbra are able to operate using very low gas flux, which allows running them for few years with a small gas reservoir. Several full-scale units are already installed and taking data in several locations and with different configurations, proving the viability of the MARTA concept. By shielding the detector units with enough slant mass to absorb the electro- magnetic component in the air showers, a clean measurement of the muon content is allowed, a concept to be implemented in a next generation of UHECR experiments. The specificities of a MARTA unit are presented, which include particle counting with high efficiency, time resolu- tion and spatial segmentation. The potential of the MARTA concept for muon measurements in air showers is assessed, as well as tentative methods for calibration and cross-calibrations with existing detectors.
    2015-07-11Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Outdoor Field Experience with Autonomous RPC Based Stations
    Publication . Lopes, L.; Assis, P.; Blanco, A.; Carolino, N.; Cerda, M.A.; Conceição, R.; Cunha, O.; Ferreira, M.; Fonte, P.; Luz, R.; Mendes, L.; Pereira, A.; Pimenta, M.; Sarmento, R.; Tomé, B.
    In the last two decades Resistive Plate Chambers were employed in the Cosmic Ray Experiments COVER-PLASTEX and ARGO/YBJ. In both experiments the detectors were housed indoors, likely owing to gas distribution requirements and the need to control environment variables that directly affect RPCs operational stability. But in experiments where Extended Air Shower (EAS) sampling is necessary, large area arrays composed by dispersed stations are deployed, rendering this kind of approach impossible. In this situation, it would be mandatory to have detectors that could be deployed in small standalone stations, with very rare opportunities for maintenance, and with good resilience to environmental conditions. Aiming to meet these requirements, we started some years ago the development of RPCs for Autonomous Stations. The results from indoor tests and measurements were very promising, both concerning performance and stability under very low gas flow rate, which is the main requirement for Autonomous Stations. In this work we update the indoor results and show the first ones concerning outdoor stable operation. In particular, a dynamic adjustment of the high voltage is applied to keep gas gain constant.
    2016-09-19Artigo científico Acesso aberto Ver mais