Browsing by Author "Boone, James L."
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- Rural Settlement and Soil Erosion from the Late Roman Period through the Medieval Islamic Period in the Lower Alentejo of PortugalPublication . Boone, James L.; Worman, F. ScottThis article presents the results of a site survey of Late Roman period and Medieval Islamic period rural settlements in the Lower Alentejo of southern Portugal, and of geoarchaeological investigations that evaluatethe role of human activity and environment change in the pattern of settlement growth, decline, and abandonment documented by the survey. The survey revealed that some time after the dissolution of Roman control of Iberia in the 5th century A.D., small hamlets and villages began to appear in the study area. Over the next 500 years, and particularly following the Muslim invasion of A.D. 711, settlement density increased sixfold over what it had been during the Roman period. The most salient transformations in settlement patterning and material culture that occurred during this period, however, coincided with the consolidation of the Ummayad Caliphate in Córdoba in the mid-10th century, rather than the Arab and Berber invasion of A.D. 711. Subsequently, during the mid-12th century, the majority of rural villages were abandoned, nearly a century before the Christian Reconquista in A.D. 1238. The region remained largely depopulated until the later Medieval Islamic period. Geoarchaeological evidence of widespread erosion and soil loss suggests that overuse of the land may have been a factor in the abandonment.
- Uma sociedade tribal no Baixo Alentejo MedievalPublication . Boone, James L.
- The first two seasons of excavations at Alcaria Longa: a caliphal-taifal period rural settlement in the lower Alentejo at PortugalPublication . Boone, James L.This report summarizes the results of the 1988-89 excavations at the site os alcaria Longa, concelho of Mértola, Portugal. Investigations revealed a rural village site 4 to 5 hectares in size dating principally to the Caliphal and Taifal periods (10th and 11th centuries.) The main parte of the settlement was apparently abandoned during Almoravid times, with the exception of a small area at the top of the south hill, which may have remained through the 12th and early 13th centuries as a small fortification. A single house compound was nearly completely excavated, consisting of two long dry-stone masonry, tilerrofed structures built at right angles to each other, and enclosing a small interior patio.
- The third season of excavations at Alcaria LongaPublication . Boone, James L.