Percorrer por autor "Basto, Ana"
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- Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae oil as an alternative to poultry oil in diets for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)Publication . Acebes, Daniel; Canada, Paula; Sá, Tiago; Silva, Andreia F.; Magalhães, Sara; Murta, Daniel; Sousa, Ricardo; Valente, Luísa M. P.; Basto, AnaInsects have emerged as an alternative protein source for aquafeeds, and more recently, attention has turned into their lipidic fraction. This study evaluated the potential of black soldier fly larvae oil (BSFLO) to replace poultry oil (PO) in diets for two key Mediterranean aquaculture species: European seabass and gilthead seabream juveniles. A control diet containing 5.2% PO was formulated, along with three experimental diets in which PO was replaced by BSFLO at 33%, 66%, and 100% (1.7%, 3.4%, and 5.2% BSFLO dietary inclusion). Fish were fed to satiation for 8 weeks (gilthead seabream) and 12 weeks (European seabass) at 23.0 ± 0.7 °C and 22.8 ± 0.6 °C, respectively. All diets were well accepted by both species, with no adverse effects on feed intake. Growth performance and feed conversion ratio improved with the full replacement of PO by BSFLO, particularly in seabass. Increasing dietary levels of BSFLO led to greater lauric acid deposition in muscle, enhanced antioxidant capacity, and reduced lipid peroxidation in both species. The complete replacement of PO by BSFLO increased the muscle n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio in both seabass and seabream. Overall, BSFLO proved to be a promising lipid source in aquafeeds for seabass and seabream, with the total PO replacement by BSFLO yielding clear performance gains in seabass and contributing to a more favourable and stable muscle lipid profile (characterized by higher n-3/n-6 ratios, improved antioxidant status, and lower lipid peroxidation) which may support product quality in both species.
- Combining Hermetia illucens and Tenebrio molitor meals in diets for European seabass : effects on growth, nutrient utilisation, intestinal morphology and muscle qualityPublication . Costa, Rafaela S.; Basto, Ana; Monteiro, Marta; Pinho, Bia; Sá, Tiago; Santos, Marisa V.; Murta, Daniel; Schrama, Johan W.; Valente, Luisa M.P.This study explored the potential of an insect meal (IM) mixture of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and yellow mealworms (YMs) to substitute 3% (diet IM3), 25% (diet IM25) and 50% (diet IM50) of the fishmeal (FM) protein in a control diet (CTRL; 15% FM) for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. The four diets were isoproteic and isolipidic and were tested in triplicate in a recirculating aquaculture system with water at 22 °C and 35 ppt salinity, under a 12 h light/12 h dark photoperiod. After a 75-day feeding period, the fish growth performance, nutrient utilisation, intestinal morphology, muscle fatty acid profile and antioxidant capacity were evaluated. The diets containing IM ensured similar growth (DGI = 2.0) and feed efficiency (FCR = 1.0–1.1) to CTRL. Moreover, they promoted comparable nitrogen and energy retention efficiencies (38–40% and 44–47%). However, fish fed with the IM diets presented 20–27% lower faecal phosphorus losses than the control group. Anterior intestine integrity was maintained in all fish, but those fed IM50 displayed longer villi than the control. The muscle fatty acid profile of IM-fed fish also resembled that of the control, with 364–405 mg EPA + DHA per 100 g of fillet. IM25 and IM50 promoted higher lauric acid deposition in the muscle, and the muscle of fish fed with IM50 presented the highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity, suggesting higher antioxidant capacity. Overall, the study shows that the IM mixture can be an adequate protein source for seabass juveniles, also offering functional benefits.
- Physiological response of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles to an acute stress challenge : the Impact of partial and total dietary fishmeal replacement by an insect mealPublication . Basto, Ana; Peixoto, Diogo; Machado, Marina; Costas, Benjamin; Murta, Daniel; Valente, Luísa M. P.This study aimed to explore the effect of FM substitution by defatted Tenebrio molitor larvae meal (dTM) on the response of European seabass to an acute stress challenge. An FM-based diet was used as a control and two other isoproteic/isoenergetic diets were formulated to replace 50 and 100% of FM by dTM. Each diet was tested in quadruplicate groups of 15 fish (69 ± 5 g) fed until visual satiety for 16 weeks. After the feeding trial, fish were subjected to 1 min air exposure followed by 1 h of recovery before sampling. The haematological profile, plasma metabolites, and humoral immunity biomarkers, as well as hepatic oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity, were analysed. A clear response to acute stress was observed by a significant increase in haemoglobin, haematocrit, red blood cells, and almost all evaluated plasma metabolites and humoral parameters, regardless of dietary treatment. The obtained results demonstrated that partial substitution of FM by IM did not affect the stress response of seabass. However, total FM replacement increased the hepatic activity of total peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in fish fed TM100.
- The use of defatted Tenebrio molitor larvae meal as a main protein source is supported in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) by data on growth performance, lipid metabolism, and flesh qualityPublication . Basto, Ana; Calduch-Giner, Josep; Oliveira, Beatriz; Petit, Lisa; Sá, Tiago; Maia, Margarida R. G.; Fonseca, Susana C.; Matos, Elisabete; Pérez-Sánchez, Jaume; Valente, Luisa M. P.Objective: This study aims to determine the maximal inclusion level of defatted (d-) Tenebrio molitor larvae meal (TM) able to replace dietary fishmeal (FM) without compromising growth performance, general metabolism, and flesh quality traits in European sea bass, and to evaluate the major underlying physiological mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Fish (55 ± 2 g) were fed with diets containing increasing levels of dTM: 0, 40, 80 and 100% (CTRL, TM40, TM80, and TM100, respectively) to replace FM. After 10 weeks of feeding, the growth performance, nutrient and energy balance, intestinal integrity, plasma metabolites and the expression of genes related to growth and nutrient metabolism, in liver and muscle were determined. The fatty acids (FA) profile, textural properties and color were also evaluated in muscle. Results: Protein and lipids digestibility remained unaltered up to 80% dTM inclusion. Growth performance parameters were similar among dietary treatments. The dTM inclusion increased the hepatosomatic index in fish fed TM100. Muscle eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated FA levels were maintained up to 80% dTM inclusion, but total cholesterol and non-esterified FA increased with dietary dTM inclusion. In liver, the expression of elongation of very long-chain FA protein 6 (elovl6) and FA desaturase 2 (fads2) did not change in fish fed TM40 and TM80, but elovl6 decreased whilst fads2 increased in fish fed TM100 when compared to those fed CTRL. The expression of cholesterol 7 alpha-monooxygenase (cyp7a1) decreased with dietary dTM inclusion. In muscle, the expression of myoblast determination protein-2 (myod2) decreased in fish fed TM80 and TM100. Conclusion: It is feasible to substitute dietary FM by dTM up to 80% in European sea bass without detrimental effects on nutrient digestibility, growth performance and associated genetic pathways, whilst assuring fillet nutritional value for human consumption.