Percorrer por autor "Alves-Cardoso, Francisca"
A mostrar 1 - 2 de 2
Resultados por página
Opções de ordenação
- DISH in an individual from the Portuguese Navy (18th-19th centuries)Publication . Antunes-Ferreira, Nathalie; Marques, Carina; Prates, Carlos; Alves-Cardoso, FranciscaIn 2005 the crypt of Espírito Santo Chapel (Loures, Portugal) was excavated. Forty-nine primary inhumations, comprising 37 adults (27 females; 10 males) and 12 non-adults were identified. Inhumations took place between 1561 and 1834. An adult male (> 35 years old) (Burial 1-Crypt 3) was individualized as belonging to the Portuguese Navy, based on the recovery of an uniform button associated with the burial. This individual exhibited exuberant bone lesions, affecting the vertebral region, sacroiliac joint, and extraspinal entheses. Bone changes were recorded macroscopically and complemented with radiological exam. The bone alterations are compatible with a diagnosis of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), according to Rogers and Waldron criteria.
- When bones blur the lines : ancient DNA validation of morphological sex estimation traits and the challenges of population-specific dimorphismPublication . Alves-Cardoso, Francisca; Gomes, Cláudia; Palomo-Díez, Sara; López-Matayoshi, César; Vassallo, Steffi; Malcherek, Anne; Rodrigues, Zélia; Assis, Sandra; Márquez-Grant, NicholasBackground/Objectives: Sex estimation is a cornerstone of research and practice in bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology. However, morphological and metric methods are often hampered by population-specific variation, subjectivity in assessment, and taphonomy. This study compares morphological analysis and ancient DNA (aDNA)-based sex assessment in a 19th-century Portuguese sample to evaluate the accuracy of osteological (anthropological) criteria. Methods: This study analysed 37 skeletons from the Venerável Ordem Terceira da Nossa Senhora do Carmo burial grounds in Porto. Sex estimation was based on (1) the bioanthropological assessment of morphological traits of the os coxae and the skull (2) through aDNA analysis using a multi-marker approach, including real-time PCR (qPCR) targeting autosomal loci, the amelogenin locus, a Y-chromosomal INDEL, and Y-STRs. aDNA was extracted via a non-destructive protocol. Results: Whilst anthropological analysis was possible on all 37 individuals, estimation of sex through aDNA analysis was possible for 26 individuals. A 20% discordance rate was found between morphological and aDNA results. Many individuals morphologically classified as “possible female” or “indeterminate” were genetically identified as male. Genetic analysis resolved most cases that biological anthropologists concluded were “indeterminate”. Conclusions: The high discordance in the Carmo sub-sample may indicate reduced skeletal sexual dimorphism, with males exhibiting skeletal traits typically associated with females, suggesting a sample-specific reduction in sexual dimorphism likely influenced by environmental, nutritional, and/or genetic stressors. A limitation of this study is its small sample size: only 26 of 37 individuals yielded usable genetic results, and only a portion of these individuals provided sufficient data for a direct comparison between morphological and genetic data. Nevertheless, these findings highlight the risk that applying generalised osteological standards relying solely on morphology can lead to systematic misclassification, emphasising the need for a critical, multidisciplinary approach to sex estimation.