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Resumo(s)
As carraças são artrópodes ubiquitários e vetores de uma diversidade de agentes
infeciosos aos animais e humanos. As doenças parasitárias transmitidas por carraças
representam uma grande preocupação para o setor pecuário de Portalegre, visto que é
uma sub-região de Portugal endémica e que reúne condições climatéricas e ambientais
favoráveis ao desenvolvimento e crescimento das populações destes artrópodes. A
vigilância e deteção de agentes patogénicos presentes em carraças fornecem
informações importantes sobre o risco e a ocorrência de doenças transmitidas pelas
mesmas numa determinada área. No estudo realizado, recolheu-se um total de 265
ixodídeos durante a sua fase parasitária em 128 bovinos de explorações localizadas em
5 concelhos do distrito de Portalegre, tendo sido identificadas um total de 5 espécies de
ixodídeos distintas. Foram submetidos 21 espécimes à técnica de PCR convencional para
deteção de agentes patogénicos transmitidos por carraças com importância em medicina
veterinária de bovinos, nomeadamente Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina, Theileria
annulata e Theileria orientalis, das quais 11 testaram positivo. Anaplasma marginale foi o
hemoparasita mais prevalente no presente estudo, sendo detetada em 5 espécimes,
especialmente pertencentes à espécie Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Apesar de Theileria
annulata ter sido detetada em várias espécies, apenas o género Hyalomma é suscetível
de desenvolver infeção e ter capacidade e competência de transmissão. Babesia bigemina
foi a menos prevalente. Os resultados sugerem uma ampla disseminação dos agentes
infeciosos na população das carraças em 4 concelhos, bem como a existência de
hospedeiros vertebrados infetados e que servem de reservatórios.
Ticks are ubiquitous arthropods and vectors of a diversity of infectious agents for animals and humans. Tick-borne parasitic diseases represent a major concern for the livestock sector of Portalegre, as it is an endemic sub-region of Portugal which has favorable climatic and environmental conditions for the development and growth of populations of these arthropods. Surveillance and detection of pathogens present in ticks provides important information about the risk and occurrence of tick-borne diseases in a given area. In this study, 265 ixodids were collected during their parasitic phase in 128 cattle from farms located in 5 municipalities in the district of Portalegre, with a total of 5 species of ixodids being identified. Twenty-one specimens were submitted to the conventional PCR technique for detection of pathogens transmitted by ticks with importance in veterinary medicine in cattle, such as Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina, Theileria annulata and Theileria orientalis, of which 11 tested positive. Anaplasma marginale was the most prevalent hemoparasite in the present being detected in 5 specimens, especially belonging to the species Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Despite Theileria annulata having been detected in several species, only the genus Hyalomma is susceptible to developing infection and has the capacity and competence to transmit. Babesia bigemina was the least prevalent. The results suggest a wide spread of infectious agents in the tick population in the 4 county studied, as well as the existence of infected vertebrate hosts that serve as reservoirs.
Ticks are ubiquitous arthropods and vectors of a diversity of infectious agents for animals and humans. Tick-borne parasitic diseases represent a major concern for the livestock sector of Portalegre, as it is an endemic sub-region of Portugal which has favorable climatic and environmental conditions for the development and growth of populations of these arthropods. Surveillance and detection of pathogens present in ticks provides important information about the risk and occurrence of tick-borne diseases in a given area. In this study, 265 ixodids were collected during their parasitic phase in 128 cattle from farms located in 5 municipalities in the district of Portalegre, with a total of 5 species of ixodids being identified. Twenty-one specimens were submitted to the conventional PCR technique for detection of pathogens transmitted by ticks with importance in veterinary medicine in cattle, such as Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina, Theileria annulata and Theileria orientalis, of which 11 tested positive. Anaplasma marginale was the most prevalent hemoparasite in the present being detected in 5 specimens, especially belonging to the species Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Despite Theileria annulata having been detected in several species, only the genus Hyalomma is susceptible to developing infection and has the capacity and competence to transmit. Babesia bigemina was the least prevalent. The results suggest a wide spread of infectious agents in the tick population in the 4 county studied, as well as the existence of infected vertebrate hosts that serve as reservoirs.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Carraças identificação de espécies Theileria annulata Babesia bigemina Anaplasma marginale Ticks;
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Luz, C.A.C(Ocorrência e distribuição geográfica de ixodídeos que parasitam os bovinos em 5 concelhos do distrito de Portalegre. Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas. Elvas2021).
Editora
Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas - Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre
