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Capacitar o utente hipocoagulado e família na gestão da doença :
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As doenças cérebro-cardiovasculares necessitam de um acompanhamento regular e especializado, onde se inclui as patologias que necessitam de anticoagulantes orais, com o intuito de diminuir os internamentos por descompensação clínica, manter a pessoa ativa e diminuir o seu grau de dependência, necessitando de uma parceria profissional/utente/família na sua gestão. O projeto foi sustentado pelo referencial teórico de Dorothea Orem, Teoria do Défice do Autocuidado.
Objetivo
Capacitar o utente hipocoagulado e família na gestão da doença.
Métodos
Aplicado a metodologia do planeamento em saúde. O diagnóstico de situação foi desenvolvido com recurso a questionários aplicado ao utente no sentido de validar o seu conhecimento sobre a gestão da doença e um segundo aplicado à família para compreender o seu conhecimento sobre as necessidades do seu familiar. A amostra não probabilística por conveniência, foi constituída por 18 utentes e 5 familiares nas consultas realizadas durante o período de estágio.
Resultados
O diagnóstico de situação revelou défice de conhecimento sobre a gestão da doença: no autocuidado, regime terapêutico e sua interação, bem como défice do papel da família no acompanhamento do seu familiar e na perceção das suas necessidades. Utilizou-se como estratégia, a educação para a saúde no sentido de melhorar os problemas identificados através da capacitação dos utentes e famílias intervencionadas. Após a intervenção verificou-se um aumento de conhecimentos em todos os pontos abordados: autocuidado (92,85%), regime terapêutico e sua interação (85,71%). Quanto à intervenção familiar verificou-se que os participantes são familiares conviventes com os utentes hipocoagulados e já assumiram o papel de cuidador.
Conclusão
Este projeto contribuiu para o conhecimento dos utentes hipocoagulados e família, através da intervenção da enfermagem comunitária, bem como a reflexão sobre como desenvolver estratégias com as famílias, no sentido de as capacitar na deteção precoce de intervir no autocuidado do seu familiar e na gestão dos papeis familiares.
Brain and cardiovascular diseases require regular and specialized follow-up, including pathologies that require oral anticoagulants, in order to reduce hospitalizations due to clinical decompensation, maintain the person active, and reduce their degree of dependence. This requires a professional/patient/family partnership in their management. This project was based on Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory.ObjectiveTo train hypocoagulated users and their families in disease management.MethodsThe health planning methodology was applied. The situation diagnosis was developed using questionnaires applied to the patient to validate their knowledge about disease management and a second one applied to the family to understand their knowledge about their relative's needs. The non-probability convenience sample was composed of 18 patients and five family members in the consultations performed during the internship period.ResultsThe situation diagnosis revealed a deficit of knowledge about disease management: in self-care, therapeutic regimen, and their interaction, as well as a deficit of the family's role in monitoring their family member and perceiving their needs. Health education was used as a strategy to improve the problems identified through the empowerment of users and families. After intervention, there was an increase in knowledge in all the addressed points: self-care (92.85%), therapeutic regimen and its interaction (85.71%). As for the family intervention, we found that participants are family members who live with hypocoagulated patients and have already taken over the role of caregiver.ConclusionThis project contributed to the knowledge of hypocoagulated patients and family, through the intervention of community nursing, as well as the reflection on how to develop strategies with families, to empower them in the early detection of intervention in the self-care of their family member and in the management of family roles.
Brain and cardiovascular diseases require regular and specialized follow-up, including pathologies that require oral anticoagulants, in order to reduce hospitalizations due to clinical decompensation, maintain the person active, and reduce their degree of dependence. This requires a professional/patient/family partnership in their management. This project was based on Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory.ObjectiveTo train hypocoagulated users and their families in disease management.MethodsThe health planning methodology was applied. The situation diagnosis was developed using questionnaires applied to the patient to validate their knowledge about disease management and a second one applied to the family to understand their knowledge about their relative's needs. The non-probability convenience sample was composed of 18 patients and five family members in the consultations performed during the internship period.ResultsThe situation diagnosis revealed a deficit of knowledge about disease management: in self-care, therapeutic regimen, and their interaction, as well as a deficit of the family's role in monitoring their family member and perceiving their needs. Health education was used as a strategy to improve the problems identified through the empowerment of users and families. After intervention, there was an increase in knowledge in all the addressed points: self-care (92.85%), therapeutic regimen and its interaction (85.71%). As for the family intervention, we found that participants are family members who live with hypocoagulated patients and have already taken over the role of caregiver.ConclusionThis project contributed to the knowledge of hypocoagulated patients and family, through the intervention of community nursing, as well as the reflection on how to develop strategies with families, to empower them in the early detection of intervention in the self-care of their family member and in the management of family roles.
Description
Keywords
Família Anticoagulantes orais Educação para a saúde Enfermagem comunitária
Citation
Rego, R., Sousa, J. E.X. F., & Pinto, M.F. B. (2023). Capacitar o utente hipocoagulado e família na gestão da doença: uma intervenção da Enfermagem Comunitária. Pensar Enfermagem, 27(1), 147–152. https://doi.org/10.56732/pensarenf.v27i1.276
Publisher
ESEL