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Trends in MDMA‐related mortality across four countries

2021Artigo científico Acesso aberto
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dc.contributor.authorRoxburgh, Amanda
dc.contributor.authorSam, Bulent
dc.contributor.authorKriikku, Pirkko
dc.contributor.authorMounteney, Jane
dc.contributor.authorCastañera, Antonio
dc.contributor.authorDias, Mário
dc.contributor.authorGiraudon, Isabelle
dc.date.accessioned2023-03-06T16:29:30Z
dc.date.available2023-03-06T16:29:30Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractFindings: A total of 1400 MDMA-related deaths were identified in Turkey, 507 in Australia, 100 in Finland and 45 in Portugal. The median age ranged from 24 to 27.5 years, and males represented between 81 and 94% of the deaths across countries. Standardized mortality rates significantly increased across all four countries from 2011 to 2017 during a period of increased purity and availability of MDMA. The underlying cause of death was predominantly due to drug toxicity in Australia (n = 309, 61%), Finland (n = 70, 70%) and Turkey (n = 840, 60%) and other causes in Portugal (n = 25, 56%). Minorities of all deaths across the countries were due to MDMA toxicity alone (13-25%). These deaths had a significantly higher blood MDMA concentration than multiple drug toxicity deaths in Australia, Finland and Turkey. Drugs other than MDMA commonly detected were stimulants (including cocaine, amphetamine and methamphetamine) (Australia 52% and Finland 61%) and alcohol (Australia 46% and Portugal 49%). In addition to MDMA toxicity, benzodiazepines (81%) and opioids (64%) were commonly identified in these deaths in Finland. In comparison, synthetic cannabinoids (15%) and cannabis (33%) were present in a minority of deaths in Turkey.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Health and Medical Research Council Investigator Grant: APP1173505
dc.description.sponsorshipVictorian Operational Infrastructure Fun
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationRoxburgh, A., Sam, B., Kriikku, P., Mounteney, J., Castanera, A., Dias, M., & Giraudon, I. (2021). Trends in MDMA-related mortality across four countries. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 116(11), 3094–3103.pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/add.15493pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/44025
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectDrug-related deathspt_PT
dc.subjectMDMApt_PT
dc.subjectEcstasypt_PT
dc.subjectMortalitypt_PT
dc.subjectToxicitypt_PT
dc.subjectToxicologypt_PT
dc.titleTrends in MDMA‐related mortality across four countriespt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.endPage3103pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue11pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage3094pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleAddictionpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume116pt_PT
person.familyNameCastañera
person.familyNameDias
person.givenNameAntonio
person.givenNameMário
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3017-8569
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-5900-5899
person.identifier.scopus-author-id26221673200
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationd3578c9c-8367-4088-8551-6b9020896ef7
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationb24227f2-a261-4e33-ab53-3edf34744335
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryd3578c9c-8367-4088-8551-6b9020896ef7

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