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Compostagem Comunitária: Estado Atual em Portugal Continental, Práticas Internacionais e Análise Tecnológica e Operacional
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A gestão sustentável dos biorresíduos constitui um dos maiores desafios ambientais atuais, sendo a compostagem uma solução estratégica no quadro das metas europeias e nacionais. Este trabalho aborda a importância da compostagem comunitária em contexto urbano, analisando o enquadramento teórico e legal, os diferentes compostores comunitários utilizados em Portugal e noutros países, bem como as tecnologias associadas aos mesmos. São apresentados casos de estudo nacionais e internacionais que evidenciam as vantagens ambientais, sociais e económicas da valorização local dos resíduos orgânicos.Através da realização de focus groups no concelho de Arganil com entidades gestoras e utilizadores, foram identificadas necessidades e perceções relacionadas com a utilização de compostores comunitários, destacando-se a relevância da formação, da acessibilidade e distância, da simplificação do processo, da promoção através de eventos, dos incentivos monetários e não monetários, entre outros, que visam aumentar a adesão da população. Verificou-se que os compostores comunitários automatizados podem reduzir custos municipais associados a recursos humanos, enquanto garantem maior eficiência.Conclui-se que a compostagem comunitária em meio urbano é essencial para reduzir a deposição em aterro, mitigar emissões de gases com efeito de estufa e fomentar práticas de cidadania ambiental ativa, sendo determinante para o cumprimento das metas europeias e nacionais.
The sustainable management of biowaste is one of the greatest environmental challenges today, with composting being a strategic solution within the framework of European and national targets. This study approaches the importance of community composting in an urban context, analysing the theoretical and legal framework, the different community composters used in Portugal and other countries, as well as the technologies associated with them. National and international case studies are presented that reveal the environmental, social and economic advantages of local recovery of organic waste.Through focus groups in the municipality of Arganil with management entities and users, needs and perceptions related to the use of community composters were identified, highlighting adethe importance of training, accessibility and distance, simplification of the process, promotion through events, monetary and non-monetary incentives, among others, which aim to increase the population's adherence. It was found that automated community composters can reduce municipal costs associated with human resources, while ensuring greater efficiency.It is concluded that community composting in urban areas is essential to reduce landfill disposition, mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and promote active environmental citizenship practices, and is crucial for compliance European and national targets.
The sustainable management of biowaste is one of the greatest environmental challenges today, with composting being a strategic solution within the framework of European and national targets. This study approaches the importance of community composting in an urban context, analysing the theoretical and legal framework, the different community composters used in Portugal and other countries, as well as the technologies associated with them. National and international case studies are presented that reveal the environmental, social and economic advantages of local recovery of organic waste.Through focus groups in the municipality of Arganil with management entities and users, needs and perceptions related to the use of community composters were identified, highlighting adethe importance of training, accessibility and distance, simplification of the process, promotion through events, monetary and non-monetary incentives, among others, which aim to increase the population's adherence. It was found that automated community composters can reduce municipal costs associated with human resources, while ensuring greater efficiency.It is concluded that community composting in urban areas is essential to reduce landfill disposition, mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and promote active environmental citizenship practices, and is crucial for compliance European and national targets.
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Compostagem comunitária Biorresíduos Tecnologia