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Cultivares autóctones de oliveira – aspetos da caraterização morfológica do endocarpo
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
No Alentejo, Portugal, a oliveira (Olea europaea L.) tem uma grande importância
socioeconómica. O património olivícola português contém uma enorme diversidade
genética, mas o seu potencial permanece ainda pouco divulgado. No presente estudo foi
realizada a caracterização morfológica (UPOV Test Guidelines) dos endocarpos de seis
cultivares autóctones de oliveira. As árvores encontram-se na Coleção Portuguesa de
Referência de Cultivares de Oliveira. Todas as cultivares apresentaram o mesmo tipo de
expressão em duas características, simetria (posição B) e número de sulcos na
extremidade basal. As características que apresentaram maior diversidade foram o
comprimento, o formato do ápice e o formato da base (ambos na posição A). Algumas
cultivares apresentaram características únicas entre o grupo avaliado: 'Cordovil de Serpa'
com endocarpo fortemente assimétrico (posição A), enquanto nas restantes observou se ligeiramente assimétrico, e 'Blanqueta de Elvas' a única sem mucrão. Para todos os
tipos de registos há que confirmar a ausência de erros. Quando os dados resultaram da
apreciação do observador (observação visual), a verificação ou inspeção preliminar pode
ser feita visualmente. Para observações objetivas (medição), recorreu-se a
representações gráficas para identificar pequenos grupos de observações discrepantes.
A determinação do peso do endocarpo de uma cultivar por medição do peso total da
amostra em comparação com o peso obtido pela medição individual dos endocarpos foi
idêntica para 'Cordovil de Serpa' e 'Verdeal de Serpa'. No entanto, esse procedimento
pode levar a um peso médio do endocarpo diferente do que seria se a dispersão dos
dados fosse considerada. É crucial completar e reorganizar o conhecimento sobre a
diversidade de recursos genéticos de oliveira. A conservação, identificação e
caracterização das cultivares de oliveira desempenham um papel fundamental para o
sector olivícola nacional atender às novas exigências económicas e sustentáveis.
n Alentejo region, Portugal, the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) has a great socio economical importance. Portuguese olive patrimony contains very rich and diverse genetic resources, but their potentials remain still largely unknown. In the present study, morphological characterization (UPOV Test Guidelines) of the endocarp of six autochthonous olive cultivars was performed. Trees are grown in Portuguese Olive Cultivars Collection. All cultivars showed the same type of expression in two characteristics, Symmetry (position B) and number of grooves on basal end. The endocarp phenotypic traits length, shape of apex and shape of base (both in position A) showed the highest variation. Some cultivars showed an unique characteristic among the group evaluated: ‘Cordovil de Serpa’ was strongly asymmetric (position A) while the others were weakly asymmetric, and ‘Blanqueta de Elvas’ was the only one without mucron. All kinds of data have to be without mistake. When data resulted on the basis of the expert’s judgment (visual observation) the preliminary check or inspection could be done visually. For objective observations (measurement) graphical displays were used to identify small groups of discrepant observations. Single measurement of a group of stones to determine the cultivar stone weight, compared to the weight obtained by measurement of individual stones, showed no differences for ‘Cordovil de Serpa’ and ‘Verdeal de Serpa’. However this procedure can lead to a medium endocarp weight different than it will be if data dispersion were considered. It’s crucial to complete and reorganize the best knowledge of the high diversity of genetic resources of the olive tree. The conservation, identification and characterization of olive cultivars are able to play a key role to national olive growing to meet the new economic and sustainable demands.
n Alentejo region, Portugal, the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) has a great socio economical importance. Portuguese olive patrimony contains very rich and diverse genetic resources, but their potentials remain still largely unknown. In the present study, morphological characterization (UPOV Test Guidelines) of the endocarp of six autochthonous olive cultivars was performed. Trees are grown in Portuguese Olive Cultivars Collection. All cultivars showed the same type of expression in two characteristics, Symmetry (position B) and number of grooves on basal end. The endocarp phenotypic traits length, shape of apex and shape of base (both in position A) showed the highest variation. Some cultivars showed an unique characteristic among the group evaluated: ‘Cordovil de Serpa’ was strongly asymmetric (position A) while the others were weakly asymmetric, and ‘Blanqueta de Elvas’ was the only one without mucron. All kinds of data have to be without mistake. When data resulted on the basis of the expert’s judgment (visual observation) the preliminary check or inspection could be done visually. For objective observations (measurement) graphical displays were used to identify small groups of discrepant observations. Single measurement of a group of stones to determine the cultivar stone weight, compared to the weight obtained by measurement of individual stones, showed no differences for ‘Cordovil de Serpa’ and ‘Verdeal de Serpa’. However this procedure can lead to a medium endocarp weight different than it will be if data dispersion were considered. It’s crucial to complete and reorganize the best knowledge of the high diversity of genetic resources of the olive tree. The conservation, identification and characterization of olive cultivars are able to play a key role to national olive growing to meet the new economic and sustainable demands.
Description
Keywords
Caraterização morfológica Cultivares autóctones Endocarpo Olea europaea L UPOV Test Guidelines Autochthonous cultivars Endocarp Morphologic characterization
Citation
Publisher
Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas