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Publication
Neuroendocrine tumours of the female genital tract: a case-based imaging review with pathological correlation
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Background Both primary and secondary gynaecological
neuroendocrine (NE) tumours are uncommon, and the literature
is scarce concerning their imaging features.
Methods This article reviews the epidemiological, clinical
and imaging features with pathological correlation of
gynaecological NE tumours.
Results The clinical features of gynaecological NE tumours
are non-specific and depend on the organ of origin and on the
extension and aggressiveness of the disease. The imaging approach
to these tumours is similar to that for other histological
types and the Revised International Federation of Gynecology
and Obstetrics (FIGO) Staging System also applies to NE
tumours. Neuroendocrine tumours were recently divided into
two groups: poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas
(NECs) and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours
(NETs). NECs include small cell carcinoma and large cell
neuroendocrine carcinoma, while NETs account for typical and atypical carcinoids. Cervical small cell carcinoma and
ovarian carcinoid are the most common gynaecological NE
tumours. The former typically behaves aggressively; the latter
usually behaves in a benign fashion and tends to be confined
to the organ.
Conclusion While dealing with ovarian carcinoids, extraovarian
extension, bilaterality and multinodularity raise the
suspicion of metastatic disease. NE tumours of the endometrium
and other gynaecological locations are very rare.
Teaching Points
• Primary or secondary neurondocrine (NE) tumours of the
female genital tract are rare.
• Cervical small cell carcinoma and ovarian carcinoids are
the most common gynaecological NE tumours.
• Cervical small cell carcinomas usually behave aggressively.
• Ovarian carcinoids tend to behave in a benign fashion.
• The imaging approach to gynaecological NE tumours and
other histological types is similar.
Description
Keywords
Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) Small cell carcinoma Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma Carcinoid
Citation
João Lopes Dias; Teresa Margarida Cunha; Filipe Veloso Gomes; Catarina Callé; Ana Félix. Neuroendocrine Tumours of the Female Genital Tract: a Case-based Imaging Review with Pathological Correlation , Insights into Imaging, 6, 1, 43-52, 2015.
Publisher
Springer