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Utilização de tubos de choque para geração de cargas explosivas ampliadas em ambiente controlado
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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação, inserida no projeto CINAMIL "SAERFA - Sistemas de Absorção de Energia com Recurso ao Fabrico Aditivo", aborda a proteção de infraestruturas contra explosões. Através de quatro campanhas experimentais, foram obtidas equivalências de TNT para o explosivo PE4-A, utilizando diferentes métodos de avaliação, como sobrepressões de pico, impulsos e velocidade de propagação da onda de choque.
A primeira campanha teve como objetivo avaliar a precisão e repetibilidade da determinação do equivalente TNT utilizando sobrepressões de pico e impulsos. A segunda explorou grandezas alternativas para a determinação da equivalência, nomeadamente sua determinação recorrendo à velocidade de propagação da onda de choque. A terceira obteve pressões amplificadas através de um tubo de choque, proporcionando novos insights.
A última campanha experimental avaliou os deslocamentos provocados numa viga metálica pelas forças resultantes das pressões do tubo de choque. Os resultados demonstraram consistência e confiabilidade, validando a eficácia dos métodos aplicados.
A dissertação destaca a importância de preparar infraestruturas para resistir a ataques e explosões, especialmente em locais de grande probabilidade de ameaça, como instalações governamentais e educacionais. A diversidade de casos analisados, incluindo incidentes reais em diferentes países, ressalta a necessidade urgente de medidas de prevenção e segurança.
O estudo contribui para o avanço na compreensão do comportamento das estruturas sujeitas a ondas de choque, fornecendo uma base sólida para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de proteção e salvamento de vidas em situações de explosões.
This dissertation, part of the CINAMIL project "SAERFA Energy Absorption Systems using Additive Manufacturing," addresses the protection of infrastructure against explosions. Through four experimental campaigns, TNT equivalences were obtained for the PE4 A explosive, using different evaluation methods such as peak overpressures, impulses, and shock wave propagation velocity. The first campaign aimed to assess the precision and repeatability of determining the TNT equivalent using peak overpressures and impulses. The second explored alternative parameters for determining equivalence, specifically by using the shock wave propaga tion velocity. The third obtained amplified pressures through a shock tube, providing new insights. The last experimental campaign evaluated the displacements induced in a metal beam by the forces resulting from the shock tube pressures. The results demonstrated consistency and reliability, validating the effectiveness of the applied methods. The dissertation underscores the importance of preparing infrastructure to withstand attacks and explosions, especially in locations with a high likelihood of threat, such as government and educational facilities. The diversity of cases analyzed, including real incidents in different countries, highlights the urgent need for prevention and security measures. The study contributes to advancing the understanding of the behavior of structures subjected to shock waves, providing a solid foundation for the development of strategies to protect and save lives in explosion scenarios.
This dissertation, part of the CINAMIL project "SAERFA Energy Absorption Systems using Additive Manufacturing," addresses the protection of infrastructure against explosions. Through four experimental campaigns, TNT equivalences were obtained for the PE4 A explosive, using different evaluation methods such as peak overpressures, impulses, and shock wave propagation velocity. The first campaign aimed to assess the precision and repeatability of determining the TNT equivalent using peak overpressures and impulses. The second explored alternative parameters for determining equivalence, specifically by using the shock wave propaga tion velocity. The third obtained amplified pressures through a shock tube, providing new insights. The last experimental campaign evaluated the displacements induced in a metal beam by the forces resulting from the shock tube pressures. The results demonstrated consistency and reliability, validating the effectiveness of the applied methods. The dissertation underscores the importance of preparing infrastructure to withstand attacks and explosions, especially in locations with a high likelihood of threat, such as government and educational facilities. The diversity of cases analyzed, including real incidents in different countries, highlights the urgent need for prevention and security measures. The study contributes to advancing the understanding of the behavior of structures subjected to shock waves, providing a solid foundation for the development of strategies to protect and save lives in explosion scenarios.
Description
Keywords
Ação da Explosão Cargas Equivalentes de TNT Proteção de Infraestruturas LS-Dyna Explosivo PE4-A Explosion Action Equivalent TNT Loads Infrastructure Protection Explosive PE4 A