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Propriedades psicométricas da escala de autocuidado com a diabetes traduzida e adaptada
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: É fundamental para os profissionais de Saúde conhecer o status de um
determinado fenómeno com implicações na saúde individual e em grupos populacionais,
tanto para o planeamento dos cuidados, como para a adequação de estratégias na
resolução de problemas. A avaliação e a adesão ao regime terapêutico no diabético
tipo 2 são processos que necessitam de ser simplificados, para se tornarem úteis à
prática dos cuidados em saúde.
O objectivo deste estudo foi traduzir para a língua Portuguesa, adaptar culturalmente
e avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da escala de actividades de auto-cuidado com
a diabetes - Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities – SDSCA.
Participantes e Métodos: A escala foi traduzida e adaptada culturalmente para Português
e aplicada a uma amostra de 103 indivíduos, do sexo masculino, com uma média de
idades de 60,8 anos (dp=10,8), de escolaridade de 4,1 anos (dp=2,1) e diagnóstico de
Diabetes em média há 7,6 anos (dp=8,7). Esta escala foi testada quanto à sua adequação
e compreensão, validade de face e de conteúdo e foram avaliadas as suas propriedades
psicométricas, através do Coeficiente Alpha (α) de Cronbach, da correlação inter-itens
e da análise de componentes principais. Para avaliar a sensibilidade à mudança, foi
aplicada a escala a todos os indivíduos em dois tempos (separados por dois meses),
mediados pela participação num plano educacional estruturado e foi analisada a média
das diferenças, utilizando o teste t para amostras emparelhadas.
Resultados: Dos 21 itens da escala inicial, estes ficaram reduzidos a 17 após a exclusão
dos itens que diminuíam a consistência interna das sub-escalas. Após o recurso à
análise de componentes principais, estes ficaram agrupados em seis dimensões, cuja
consistência interna, avaliada para cada dimensão através do Coeficiente Alpha (α) de
Cronbach, variou entre 0,68 e 0,36. A escala demonstrou ser sensível à alteração do
status do fenómeno, dado que os níveis médios de adesão, após o plano educacional,
mostraram-se significativamente superiores aos iniciais em todas as dimensões, excepto
na medicação.
Conclusão: A escala de auto-cuidado com a Diabetes, na versão traduzida e adaptada
para Português, demonstrou ser fácil de aplicar, com uma consistência interna aceitável,
que permite explicar o fenómeno de adesão pelos principais componentes do regime
terapêutico, sendo sensível à mudança.
Introduction: It is fundamental for health professionals to know the status of a certain phenomenon with health implications in individuals and population groups, not only for health care planning, but also to adjust the strategies to resolve problems. In type-2 diabetics, the evaluation and adherence to a therapeutic regimen are processes that need to be simplified, in order to become useful to the health care practices. The objective of this study was to translate to Portuguese, adapt culturally and evaluate the psychometric proprieties of the self-care activities scale - Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities – SDSCA. Participants and Methods: The Portuguese version of the scale was applied to a sample of 103 male individuals, with an average of 60.8 years old (SD=10.8), 4.1 years of education (SD=2.1) and a mean of 7.6 (SD=8.7) of Diabetes diagnosis. The comprehension, face and content validity were tested and the psychometric properties were accessed using the Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha (α), inter-item correlation coefficients and the principal components analysis. In order to evaluate the sensitivity to change, the participants answered the questionnaires twice (with a two months time gap), mediated by an educational structured programme. The average of the differences, between the baseline levels of adherence and the levels after an educational intervention, was analysed using the paired t test. Results: From an initial scale with a set of 21 items, there was a reduction to 17 items, after excluding those that lacked internal consistency in sub-scales. These final items were grouped in 6 dimensions and their internal consistency was measured using the Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha (α) and it ranged between 0.68 and 0.36 in sub-scales. The scale showed to be sensitive to the phenomenon status change, since after the educational program, the average levels of adherence were significantly higher in all dimensions, except in medication. Conclusions: In the translated and adapted version, the self-care scale with Diabetes showed to be easy to apply and its internal consistency was acceptable, which allowed us to explain the adherence phenomenon by the main components of the therapeutic regimen, thus indicating sensitiveness to changes.
Introduction: It is fundamental for health professionals to know the status of a certain phenomenon with health implications in individuals and population groups, not only for health care planning, but also to adjust the strategies to resolve problems. In type-2 diabetics, the evaluation and adherence to a therapeutic regimen are processes that need to be simplified, in order to become useful to the health care practices. The objective of this study was to translate to Portuguese, adapt culturally and evaluate the psychometric proprieties of the self-care activities scale - Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities – SDSCA. Participants and Methods: The Portuguese version of the scale was applied to a sample of 103 male individuals, with an average of 60.8 years old (SD=10.8), 4.1 years of education (SD=2.1) and a mean of 7.6 (SD=8.7) of Diabetes diagnosis. The comprehension, face and content validity were tested and the psychometric properties were accessed using the Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha (α), inter-item correlation coefficients and the principal components analysis. In order to evaluate the sensitivity to change, the participants answered the questionnaires twice (with a two months time gap), mediated by an educational structured programme. The average of the differences, between the baseline levels of adherence and the levels after an educational intervention, was analysed using the paired t test. Results: From an initial scale with a set of 21 items, there was a reduction to 17 items, after excluding those that lacked internal consistency in sub-scales. These final items were grouped in 6 dimensions and their internal consistency was measured using the Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha (α) and it ranged between 0.68 and 0.36 in sub-scales. The scale showed to be sensitive to the phenomenon status change, since after the educational program, the average levels of adherence were significantly higher in all dimensions, except in medication. Conclusions: In the translated and adapted version, the self-care scale with Diabetes showed to be easy to apply and its internal consistency was acceptable, which allowed us to explain the adherence phenomenon by the main components of the therapeutic regimen, thus indicating sensitiveness to changes.
Description
Keywords
Diabetes Autocuidado
Citation
Acta Med Port 2007; 20: 11-20
Publisher
Ordem dos médicos