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A influência de três sistemas de condução no desempenho da casta Trincadeira no Alentejo
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Resumo(s)
O estágio decorreu na Adega Mayor, localizada na região do Alentejo, concelho de
Campo Maior no distrito de Portalegre, entre os meses de março e junho do ano 2026.
Dos trabalhos realizados durante o estágio, este relatório descreve o acompanhamento
das operações culturais, numa parcela experimental de vinha da casta Trincadeira com
21 anos de idade. Avaliaram-se 106 plantas no total, distribuídas por três sistemas de
condução distintos: o sistema Guyot (20 plantas), o sistema Royat (17 plantas) e o
sistema Royat Cazenave (16 plantas). Acompanharam-se as operações da poda de
inverno; da empa manual com fio biodegradável; do desladroamento; da poda verde; do
controlo da vegetação inter-cepas e na entrelinha; da reparação do sistema de rega gota
a gota; e da manutenção preventiva do circuito hidráulico dos pulverizadores.
Semanalmente foram feitas observações do desenvolvimento vegetativo das videiras com
a elaboração dos respetivos registos, nomeadamente: registo das datas dos estados
fenológicos, seguindo a escala de Baggiolini, da medição do comprimento dos pâmpanos
e do número de cachos. Fez-se também uma monitorização do estado sanitário da vinha.
A poda de inverno teve como finalidade conduzir a videira de acordo o sistema de
condução pretendido, de forma a regular o vigor vegetativo da casta. As operações
culturais em verde sofreram atrasos e ficaram parcialmente concluídas no tempo certo,
devido à severa escassez de mão de obra qualificada. Futuramente, este será um aspeto
a melhorar, apostando na formação contínua dos trabalhadores, para evitar ter que
refazer trabalho, mas também na introdução de ferramentas de agricultura de precisão,
para otimizar as amostragens de campo. Verificou-se que o sistema de condução Royat
foi o que se revelou mais rentável e equilibrado para as características de elevada
densidade do cacho e sensibilidade a podridões da casta Trincadeira, visto que este
sistema de condução promove uma canópia mais arejada e adaptada à mecanização.
The internship was carried out at Adega Mayor, located in the Alentejo region, in the municipality of Campo Maior, Portalegre District, between March and June 2026. Of the work undertaken during the internship, this report describes the monitoring of vineyard management practices in an experimental plot of 21-year-old Trincadeira grapevines. A total of 106 vines were assessed, distributed across three different training systems: the Guyot system (20 vines), the Royat system (17 vines), and the Royat Cazenave system (16 vines). The following vineyard operations were monitored: winter pruning; manual shoot tying using biodegradable twine; suckering; green pruning; vegetation control both within the vine row and between rows; repair of the drip irrigation system; and preventive maintenance of the sprayers' hydraulic circuit. Vegetative development was monitored weekly, and the corresponding records were compiled, including the dates of the phenological stages according to the Baggiolini scale, shoot length measurements, and the number of grape clusters per vine. The sanitary status of the vineyard was also monitored throughout the internship. The purpose of winter pruning was to train the vines according to the intended training system while regulating the vegetative vigour of the Trincadeira cultivar. Several green canopy management operations were delayed and only partially completed within the appropriate timeframe due to a severe shortage of skilled labour. In the future, this aspect should be improved through continuous training of vineyard workers, thereby reducing the need to repeat operations, as well as through the adoption of precision agriculture tools to optimise field sampling procedures. The results indicated that the Royat system was the most profitable and well-balanced for the characteristics of the Trincadeira cultivar, namely its high bunch compactness and susceptibility to bunch rot, as this training system promotes a more open canopy and is better suited to mechanised vineyard operations.
The internship was carried out at Adega Mayor, located in the Alentejo region, in the municipality of Campo Maior, Portalegre District, between March and June 2026. Of the work undertaken during the internship, this report describes the monitoring of vineyard management practices in an experimental plot of 21-year-old Trincadeira grapevines. A total of 106 vines were assessed, distributed across three different training systems: the Guyot system (20 vines), the Royat system (17 vines), and the Royat Cazenave system (16 vines). The following vineyard operations were monitored: winter pruning; manual shoot tying using biodegradable twine; suckering; green pruning; vegetation control both within the vine row and between rows; repair of the drip irrigation system; and preventive maintenance of the sprayers' hydraulic circuit. Vegetative development was monitored weekly, and the corresponding records were compiled, including the dates of the phenological stages according to the Baggiolini scale, shoot length measurements, and the number of grape clusters per vine. The sanitary status of the vineyard was also monitored throughout the internship. The purpose of winter pruning was to train the vines according to the intended training system while regulating the vegetative vigour of the Trincadeira cultivar. Several green canopy management operations were delayed and only partially completed within the appropriate timeframe due to a severe shortage of skilled labour. In the future, this aspect should be improved through continuous training of vineyard workers, thereby reducing the need to repeat operations, as well as through the adoption of precision agriculture tools to optimise field sampling procedures. The results indicated that the Royat system was the most profitable and well-balanced for the characteristics of the Trincadeira cultivar, namely its high bunch compactness and susceptibility to bunch rot, as this training system promotes a more open canopy and is better suited to mechanised vineyard operations.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cazenave Guyot Mecanização Poda Rendimento Royat Vitis vinifera. Mechanisation Pruning Vitis vinifera Yield.
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Roque, A. J. L. (2026). A influência de três sistemas de condução no desempenho da casta Trincadeira no Alentejo. Escola Superior de Biociências de Elvas. Dissertação de licenciatura. Repositório