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Papel do Enfermeiro Veterinário no maneio de animais de companhia com cetoacidose diabética
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Resumo(s)
O presente relatório é elaborado no âmbito do estágio curricular da Licenciatura de
Enfermagem Veterinária, da Escola Superior de Biociências de Elvas, realizado no
Hospital Escolar Veterinário, da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, em Lisboa, durante
um período de três meses, que teve como objetivo a consolidação dos conteúdos
teóricos, através da prática exercida e o desenvolvimento de competências
interpessoais, com reforço do sentido de ética e de responsabilidade. As atividades
desenvolvidas incluíram o acompanhamento de 498 animais e de vários enfermeiros
veterinários em consultas de enfermagem, no internamento, na cirurgia, e outras áreas,
envolvendo procedimentos como triagens, flebotomias, pensos, reavaliação de suturas,
administração de fármacos e monitorização de parâmetros vitais. Para a elaboração
deste relatório foram acompanhados três casos clínicos pois, todos estes pacientes
apresentavam uma patologia em comum, a cetoacidose diabética, uma complicação
aguda e grave da diabetes mellitus, caracterizada por um défice de insulina, o que conduz
ao catabolismo de ácidos gordos como fonte de energia, com consequente produção
hepática de corpos cetónicos, acidose metabólica e desidratação. Para compreender
melhor os tutores foi também desenvolvido um questionário. O principal objetivo deste
relatório baseia-se na demonstração do papel do enfermeiro veterinário no maneio da
cetoacidose diabética, envolvendo procedimentos como medição de glicemia e corpos
cetónicos, ajuste de infusões contínuas com insulina, mediante os valores de glicemia, e
avaliação de parâmetros vitais. A análise dos casos evidenciou a importância da
monitorização, da correção das alterações eletrolíticas e da identificação de doenças
concomitantes. Ao mesmo tempo, o questionário aplicado a tutores de animais
diabéticos permitiu identificar as dificuldades no maneio da doença e a importância
atribuída ao enfermeiro veterinário. Conclui-se que o enfermeiro veterinário
desempenha um papel fundamental na abordagem da patologia, contribuindo para a
estabilização clínica dos pacientes, a educação dos tutores e a melhoria da qualidade dos
cuidados prestados.
This report was prepared within the framework of the curricular internship of the Bachelor's Degree in Veterinary Nursing at the School of Biosciences of Elvas. The internship was undertaken at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisbon, over a three-month period. Its primary objectives were to consolidate theoretical knowledge through practical experience, develop interpersonal skills, and strengthen professional ethics and responsibility. The activities carried out involved participation in the care of 498 animals and collaboration with veterinary nurses across several clinical settings, including nursing consultations, hospitalization, surgery, and other hospital departments. These activities included patient triage, phlebotomy, wound care, suture assessment, medication administration, and monitoring of vital parameters. For the development of this report, three clinical cases were selected, as all patients were diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis, a severe acute complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by insulin deficiency, resulting in increased fatty acid catabolism, hepatic ketone body production, metabolic acidosis, and dehydration. To obtain further insights into the tutors, a questionnaire was also developed. The main objective of this report was to demonstrate the role of the veterinary nurse in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis, including blood glucose and ketone monitoring, adjustment of continuous insulin infusions according to blood glucose levels, and assessment of vital parameters. The analysis of the selected cases highlighted the importance of continuous monitoring, correction of electrolyte imbalances, and identification of concurrent diseases. In addition, a questionnaire administered to owners of diabetic animals provided insights into the challenges associated with disease management and the perceived importance of the veterinary nurse in patient care. It was concluded that veterinary nurses play a key role in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis, contributing to patient stabilization, client education, and the overall quality of veterinary care.
This report was prepared within the framework of the curricular internship of the Bachelor's Degree in Veterinary Nursing at the School of Biosciences of Elvas. The internship was undertaken at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lisbon, over a three-month period. Its primary objectives were to consolidate theoretical knowledge through practical experience, develop interpersonal skills, and strengthen professional ethics and responsibility. The activities carried out involved participation in the care of 498 animals and collaboration with veterinary nurses across several clinical settings, including nursing consultations, hospitalization, surgery, and other hospital departments. These activities included patient triage, phlebotomy, wound care, suture assessment, medication administration, and monitoring of vital parameters. For the development of this report, three clinical cases were selected, as all patients were diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis, a severe acute complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by insulin deficiency, resulting in increased fatty acid catabolism, hepatic ketone body production, metabolic acidosis, and dehydration. To obtain further insights into the tutors, a questionnaire was also developed. The main objective of this report was to demonstrate the role of the veterinary nurse in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis, including blood glucose and ketone monitoring, adjustment of continuous insulin infusions according to blood glucose levels, and assessment of vital parameters. The analysis of the selected cases highlighted the importance of continuous monitoring, correction of electrolyte imbalances, and identification of concurrent diseases. In addition, a questionnaire administered to owners of diabetic animals provided insights into the challenges associated with disease management and the perceived importance of the veterinary nurse in patient care. It was concluded that veterinary nurses play a key role in the management of diabetic ketoacidosis, contributing to patient stabilization, client education, and the overall quality of veterinary care.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Corpos cetónicos Cetoacidose diabética Diabetes mellitus Enfermeiro Veterinário Glicémia Insulina. Diabetic Ketoacidosis Glucose Insulin Ketone bodies Veterinary Nurse.
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Pires, I.M. (2026). Papel do Enfermeiro Veterinário no maneio de animais de companhia com cetoacidose diabética. Escola Superior de Buiciências de Elvas. Dissertação de Licenciatura. Repositorio