Percorrer por autor "Santos, Marisa V."
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- Combining Hermetia illucens and Tenebrio molitor meals in diets for European seabass : effects on growth, nutrient utilisation, intestinal morphology and muscle qualityPublication . Costa, Rafaela S.; Basto, Ana; Monteiro, Marta; Pinho, Bia; Sá, Tiago; Santos, Marisa V.; Murta, Daniel; Schrama, Johan W.; Valente, Luisa M.P.This study explored the potential of an insect meal (IM) mixture of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and yellow mealworms (YMs) to substitute 3% (diet IM3), 25% (diet IM25) and 50% (diet IM50) of the fishmeal (FM) protein in a control diet (CTRL; 15% FM) for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles. The four diets were isoproteic and isolipidic and were tested in triplicate in a recirculating aquaculture system with water at 22 °C and 35 ppt salinity, under a 12 h light/12 h dark photoperiod. After a 75-day feeding period, the fish growth performance, nutrient utilisation, intestinal morphology, muscle fatty acid profile and antioxidant capacity were evaluated. The diets containing IM ensured similar growth (DGI = 2.0) and feed efficiency (FCR = 1.0–1.1) to CTRL. Moreover, they promoted comparable nitrogen and energy retention efficiencies (38–40% and 44–47%). However, fish fed with the IM diets presented 20–27% lower faecal phosphorus losses than the control group. Anterior intestine integrity was maintained in all fish, but those fed IM50 displayed longer villi than the control. The muscle fatty acid profile of IM-fed fish also resembled that of the control, with 364–405 mg EPA + DHA per 100 g of fillet. IM25 and IM50 promoted higher lauric acid deposition in the muscle, and the muscle of fish fed with IM50 presented the highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity, suggesting higher antioxidant capacity. Overall, the study shows that the IM mixture can be an adequate protein source for seabass juveniles, also offering functional benefits.
- Development and benchmarking of sensing technologies for Tenebrio molitor dead pupae identificationPublication . Oliveira, Francisco; Tinoco, Vítor; Rodrigues, Leandro; Santos, Filipe N.; Cunha, Mário; Vieira, Inês; Santos, Marisa V.The production of insects for both human and animal consumption has seen an interest increase in recent years. Tenebrio molitor, a beetle species whose larval stage was considered by the European Commission safe for human consumption, represents a promising candidate for large-scale production. Efficient production of T. molitor requires the separation of its different metamorphic stages to optimize productivity and reduce cannibalism. Additionally, dead pupae must be removed to prevent contamination and ensure the healthy development of the remaining individuals. Currently, the identification of dead pupae relies primarily on visual inspection based on colour changes, as dead individuals tend to exhibit surface melanization. However, this method becomes inefficient in large-scale operations. This study presents a benchmark of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and thermal imaging as alternative sensing technologies for automated dead pupae identification. Hyperspectral data acquired in the near-infrared range (900–1700 nm) enabled accurate discrimination between dead and live pupae using both a PLS-DA and a Logistic Regression model, achieving F1-Scores above 90 % for both classes. Furthermore, key wavelengths (903 nm and 1259 nm) were identified and used to develop a normalized difference index (NDI) capable of distinguishing pupae health status using only two spectral bands. Thermal imaging revealed consistent temperature differences, with dead pupae presenting approximately 1–3 % lower temperatures than live pupae. The proven reliability and precision of the proposed sensing technologies validate their use in contributing to the development of scalable and reliable solutions for quality control in the insect farming industry.