Browsing by Author "Santos, Margarida"
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- Assistência na Doença aos Militares das Forças Armadas (ADM) – Que futuro?Publication . Santos, MargaridaEste trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a sustentabilidade da Assistência na Doença aos Militares (ADM), enquanto sistema autofinanciável. O autofinanciamento da ADM, com recurso exclusivo aos descontos efetuados pelos beneficiários, está, aparentemente em contradição com as disposições legais associadas à condição militar e isenta o Estado das suas obrigações. Esta é uma temática atual, cuja análise justifica um tratamento específico e singular, em consonância com as particularidades da condição militar, devendo, por isso, ser ponderados os diversos fatores condicionantes. Assim, partindo das despesas processadas pela ADM face às fontes de financiamento existentes, tentamos responder à questão central formulada - “Em que medida a ADM é sustentável e autofinanciável, com recurso exclusivo aos descontos dos beneficiários?”. Analisamos também se o regime optativo coloca em causa a sustentabilidade da ADM e em que medida esta decisão é condicionada pela perceção de que as disposições legais, relativas à condição militar, estão ou não a ser cumpridas. Concluímos que a ADM não é um sistema autofinanciável com recurso exclusivo aos descontos dos beneficiários, pelo menos por agora, pois suporta despesas que não são sua responsabilidade. Verificamos também que a maioria dos inquiridos, em caso de regime optativo, optaria por não descontar para a ADM, considerando o desconto elevado. Abstract: The Self-financing of the assistance in disease to Military (ADM) , with exclusive resource at the beneficiaries discounts , is disassociated from the military condition and relieves the State of its obligations. This is a current topic, whose analysis justifies specific and unique treatment in consonance with the characteristics of the military condition and should therefore be considered the various conditioning factors. This work aims to analyze the ADM sustainability, while a self-financing system. Thus, based on the expenses processed by ADM, as compared with existing funding sources, we try to answer the central question formulated - "To what extent ADM is sustainable and self-financing, with exclusive resource at the discounts of beneficiaries?". We also analysed if the optional regime puts into question the sustainability of ADM and to what extent this decision is conditioned by the perception that the legal provisions relating to the military condition, are being met or not. We conclude that ADM is not a self-financing system, with exclusive resource at the discounts of beneficiaries, at least for now and that supports expenses that are not their responsibility. We also verified that the majority of the inquired, would choose not discount for ADM, if optional regime is available, and considers the discount high.
- Knowledge, usage, attitudes and needs of health professions students regarding the use of artificial intelligencePublication . Delgado, João; Alves Lopes, António; Santos, Margarida; Lopes, Filipe; Silva, Cláudia; SilvaBackground: Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming more prevalent in healthcare, but there is limited research on students' knowledge, usage, and attitudes toward AI in education. This highlights the need to study their perceptions, readiness to adopt AI, and concerns about its integration into their academic and professional development. Purpose: The study aimed to evaluate students' knowledge of artificial intelligence (AI) and its role in their learning. It also sought to explore their attitudes towards integrating AI into health professions education, while identifying their needs, concerns, and perceptions of potential risks related to incorporating AI into the curriculum. Methods: A descriptive and observational study was conducted using an online survey administered to students at the Alcoitão School of Health Sciences during the 2023-2024 academic year. The survey was designed to assess multiple dimensions, including students' knowledge of artificial intelligence (AI), their use of AI in learning, their attitudes towards the integration of AI in health professions education, and their needs, concerns, and perceptions of risks related to AI. Likert-scale questions were employed to gather data on these topics, allowing for a structured evaluation of student perspectives on AI in the educational context. Results: The analysis of responses from 154 students in Physiotherapy, Occupational Therapy, and Speech Therapy programs shows that, although many possess a basic understanding of AI concepts (n=49,4%), there are notable gaps in their knowledge, particularly regarding the distinctions between different types of AI. AI is primarily employed to support productivity and learning, but its use remains limited and sporadic. While students generally hold positive views toward AI (n= 65,6%), they express concerns about its ability to enhance critical thinking and problem-solving skills (n=68,8%). Furthermore, significant concerns were raised about AI's potential negative effects, especially on the development of critical thinking(n=68,8%), practical skills (n=62,4%), privacy (n=59,7%), and data security (n=59,7%). All participants highlighted the importance of clear guidelines and curricular adjustments to facilitate the effective integration of AI into educational programs Conclusion(s): The study's findings highlight the need for educational strategies that integrate AI as a valuable tool in healthcare education. Institutions should consider revising curricula to include more AI-related content and address students' concerns. Clear guidelines on ethical AI use and practical learning experiences can enhance understanding of the technology and better prepare students for its application in professional practice. Implications: This approach could help reduce the gap between current educational models and the advancing technological landscape in healthcare. By incorporating AI-related content and addressing student concerns, institutions may better equip future healthcare professionals to respond to technological changes, supporting their readiness for the workforce and maintaining the quality of care.
- Prevalence of vocal problems in portuguese primary and secondary shool level teachersPublication . Mendes, Ana; Salema, Luís; Rodrigues, Américo; Conceição, Iolanda; Bonança, Íris; Santos, MargaridaThis study compared the prevalence of vocal problems in two Portuguese groups: 73 teachers that use their voice as professional tool (teachers’ group) and 73 non-voice professionals (control group). It also identified the risk factors that contributed to teachers’ group voice problems. A questionnaire was applied to both goups in order to obtain information about vocal health, hygiene and behavior, professional activity and general physical health. Statistical results revealed that the teachers’ group presented a higher prevalence of vocal problems than the control group: 52% reported hoarseness, 46.6% vocal fatigue and 45.2% vocal discomfort compared with 31.5%, 20.5 % e 28.7%, respectively. Environmental factors (eg., smoke and cold temperatures), vocal abuse and upper respiratory pathologies (e.g., colds, laryngitis and pharyngitis) seemed to increase teachers’ voice disorders (p-value < .05). In conclusion, the absence of vocal pedagogy in the curricular plan of teachers’ higher education associated to poor working environmental conditions and professional voice demands explained the higher prevalence of vocal problems in teachers’ group.