Browsing by Author "Oliveira-Maia, Albino J"
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Major Depressive Disorder in Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-analysisPublication . Valiengo, Leandro; Maia, Ana; Cotovio, Gonçalo; Gordon, Pedro C; Brunoni, André R; Forlenza, Orestes V; Oliveira-Maia, Albino JBackground Major depressive disorder (MDD) in older adults is a serious public health concern. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a nonpharmacological intervention approved for MDD treatment in adults, but its value in older adults remains unknown. This study aims to systematically review and meta-analyze evidence of rTMS efficacy in MDD treatment among older adults. Methods We systematically reviewed the literature for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and open-label studies assessing rTMS for the treatment of MDD in patients older than 50 years, published until June 2020. Random-effects meta-analyses using standardized mean differences (SMDs) were conducted to assess change in depression severity score (primary outcome), while odds ratios (ORs) were used to assess secondary categorical outcomes (response and remission). Additionally, univariate meta-regression analyses were performed to identify potential predictors of change in depression severity scores. Results Fourteen RCTs were included in meta-analyses and 26 studies (10 RCTs and 16 open-label studies) in meta-regression. Active rTMS was significantly superior to sham treatment for reduction of severity (SMD = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.13–0.60), as well as response (OR = 3.26; 95% CI = 2.11–5.04) and remission (OR = 4.63; 95% CI = 2.24–9.55). Studies were of moderate to high quality, with funnel plots and Egger’s regression test not suggestive of publication bias. In meta-regressions, higher mean age and number of sessions were significantly associated with greater improvement. Conclusions Our results support that rTMS is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated treatment for MDD in older adults and that it should be considered in the treatment of this vulnerable population.
- Reward-related gustatory and psychometric predictors of weight loss following bariatric surgery: a multicenter cohort studyPublication . Ribeiro, Gabriela; Camacho, Marta; Fernandes, Ana B; Cotovio, Gonçalo; Torres, Sandra; Oliveira-Maia, Albino JBackground Reward sensitivity has been proposed as a potential mediator of outcomes for bariatric surgery. Objectives We aimed to determine whether gustatory and psychometric measures of reward-related feeding are predictors of bariatric-induced weight loss. Methods A multicenter longitudinal cohort study was conducted in patients scheduled for bariatric surgery (surgical group), assessed at baseline and 2 follow-up assessments. Predictions of % weight loss from baseline (%WL) according to baseline gustatory measures, including intensity and pleasantness ratings of sweet and other tastants, and psychometric measures of reward-related feeding behavior, including hedonic hunger scores, were assessed with multivariable linear regression. Exploratory analyses were conducted to test for associations between %WL and changes in gustatory and psychophysical measures, as well as for comparisons with data from patients on the surgery waiting list (control group). Results We included 212 patients, of whom 96 in the surgical group and 50 in the control group were prospectively assessed. The groups were similar at baseline and, as expected, bariatric surgery resulted in higher %WL (BTreatment-Time = 2.4; 95% CI: 2.1–2.8; P < 0.0001). While variation in gustatory measures did not differ between groups, in the surgery group baseline sweet intensity predicted %WL at the primary endpoint (11 to 18 months postoperatively; β = 0.2; B = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.3; P = 0.02), as did hedonic hunger scores (β = −0.2; B = −2.0, 95% CI: −3.8 to −0.3; P = 0.02). Furthermore, at this endpoint, postsurgical reduction of sweet taste intensity and acceptance of sweet foods were associated with %WL (β = −0.3; B = −3.5, 95% CI: −5.8 to −1.3; P = 0.003, and β = −0.2; B = −4.7, 95% CI: −8.5 to −0.8; P = 0.02, respectively). The use of sweet intensity as a predictor of weight change was confirmed in another bariatric cohort. Conclusions Sweet intensity ratings and hedonic hunger scores predict %WL after surgery. The variability of sweet intensity ratings is also associated with %WL, further suggesting they may reflect physiological processes that are variably modulated by bariatric surgery, influencing clinical outcomes.