Percorrer por autor "Balixa, Gabriela"
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- Autism spectrum disorders and malocclusions : systematic review and meta-analysesPublication . Barros, Aline; Mascarenhas, Paulo; Botelho, João; Machado, Vanessa; Balixa, Gabriela; Lopes, Luísa BandeiraStudies heretofore have shown inconsistent results on the link of ASD to malocclusion. Herein, we aimed to compare the prevalence of malocclusion among children and adolescents with ASD compared with non-ASD healthy counterparts through a systematic review. The electronic search focused on five databases, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, LILACS, and OpenGrey until January 2022, and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (PROSPERO No. CRD42022298023). Observational and intervention studies that compared occlusion characteristics of ASD individuals under 18 years old with healthy controls were included. Pairwise random effects meta-analyses of odds ratio (OR) were performed. Methodological quality was assessed by using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for cross-sectional studies. A total of thirteen studies were included for qualitative analysis, and seven for quantitative analysis. The results presented a great heterogeneity and moderate risk of bias; thus, it was not possible to state that there is a risk of malocclusion in individuals with ASD. Future studies should be carried out with strict criteria in the choice of samples, control group, and diagnosis of malocclusion in order to meet the necessary requirements for greater methodological quality.
- Knowledge, perception, and clinical experiences on molar incisor hypomineralization amongst dental professionals : a systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Balixa, Gabriela; Rodrigues, Carlota; Botelho, João; Machado, Vanessa; Lopes, Luísa BandeiraBackground: Molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a common developmental enamel defect that presents important diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in pediatric dentistry. Differences in dental professionals’ knowledge and clinical confidence may affect patient care. Aim: To evaluate dental professionals’ awareness, diagnostic confidence, clinical management, referral practices, and training related to MIH. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to calculate pooled estimates, with subgroup analyses by geographic region, dental specialty, and risk of bias. Results: Thirty-six observational studies including over 10,000 dental professionals were included. Awareness of MIH diagnostic criteria was moderate (72.1%) and higher among pediatric dentists than general dental practitioners. Diagnostic confidence (67.5%) and comfort in providing treatment (64.1%) were suboptimal, particularly among non-specialists. Most respondents perceived a distinct caries pattern in MIH-affected teeth (84.8%), while referral to pediatric dentists was inconsistent (52.5%). Approximately 80% of participants reported a need for additional MIH-related training. Substantial heterogeneity was observed across analyses. Conclusions: Despite moderate awareness of MIH, important gaps persist in diagnostic confidence, clinical management, and referral practices. Strengthening undergraduate education, continuing professional development, and structured referral pathways is essential to improve early diagnosis, appropriate management, and outcomes for children affected by MIH, highlighting the pivotal role of paediatric dentists in interdisciplinary care.