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Estudo epidemiológico da prevalência de resistências aos antibióticos no âmbito da clínica de animais exóticos
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Abstract(s)
Os antimicrobianos são ferramentas importantes para o tratamento de doenças bacterianas infeciosas nas medicinas humana e veterinária. O uso abusivo dos antimicrobianos contribuiu para a crescente ameaça da resistência antimicrobiana (AMR). Atualmente, a resistência antimicrobiana é uma das maiores preocupações na saúde pública.
Espécies exóticas têm sido descritas como potenciais reservatórios de AMR, no entanto os dados permanecem escassos. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência da AMR entre 2017 e 2019, em 2050 isolados de bactérias de Gram-negativo e positivo, em animais exóticos de companhia, originários de Toulouse, França. Os isolados bacterianos foram identificados por espectrometria de massa MALDI-TOF. A suscetibilidade antimicrobiana foi avaliada pelo método de difusão por disco e o perfil fenotípico de resistência foi determinado em 483 isolados. A análise estatística foi realizada no GraphPad Prism® (versão 8.4.2.) e as diferenças foram consideradas relevantes se p<0,05. As taxas de AMR foram analisadas (p<0,0001) para avaliar o perfil de resistência nos três anos. Os isolados apresentaram resistência variável a diferentes grupos de antibióticos (-lactâmicos, aminoglicosídeos, anfenicóis, fluoroquinolonas, fusidinas, lincosamidas, macrólidos, pleuromutilinas, polimixinas, sulfonamidas e tetraciclinas). No entanto, verificou-se uma maior frequência de resistência a -lactâmicos, macrólidos, tetraciclinas, fluoroquinolonas e anfenicóis. Foram observadas múltiplas bactérias multi-resistentes (MDR) com predominância em Enterococcus faecalis (n = 79) e Escherichia coli (n = 52). Estes resultados evidenciam os animais exóticos como reservatório de bactérias MDR, constituindo um potencial risco para a saúde pública. A monitorização da resistência antimicrobiana em todas as espécies animais, em conjunto com políticas restritivas de uso de antibióticos, reforço de medidas e intervenções preliminares, são urgentemente necessárias.
Este é o primeiro relatório de monitorização em larga escala de AMR em animais exóticos de estimação facultando novos conhecimentos sobre o estado atual da resistência antimicrobiana.
Antimicrobials are important tools for therapy of infectious bacterial diseases in human and veterinary medicines. The overuse of antimicrobials is contributing to the rising threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Currently, antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important public health issues. Exotic species have been described as potential reservoirs of AMR, however data remain scarce. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of AMR between 2017 and 2019, among 2050 isolates of Gram-negative and positive bacteria, from exotic pets originating from Toulouse, France. Bacterial isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was assayed by disk diffusion method and phenotypic resistance profiles of 483 isolates were determined. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism® (version 8.4.2.) and differences were considered relevant if p<0.05. AMR rates were analyzed (p<0,0001) to evaluate the resistance profile among the three years. Isolates showed variable resistance to different antibiotics groups (-lactams, aminoglycosides, amphenicols, fluoroquinolones, fusidane, lincosamides, macrolides, pleuromutilins, polymyxins, sulfonamides and tetracyclines). However, was more frequently the resistance to -lactams, macrolides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and amphenicols. Multiple Multidrug Resistant (MDR) bacteria were observed with predominance in Enterococcus faecalis (n=79) and Escherichia coli (n=52). These results highlight exotic pets as a reservoir of MDR bacteria, a potential hazard to public health. Monitoring antimicrobial-resistance in all animal species amongst restrictive antibiotic use policies, improvement measures and preliminary interventions are urgently required. This is the first report of a large-scale monitoring antimicrobial resistance in exotic pets bringing new insights to the current status of antimicrobial resistance.
Antimicrobials are important tools for therapy of infectious bacterial diseases in human and veterinary medicines. The overuse of antimicrobials is contributing to the rising threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Currently, antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important public health issues. Exotic species have been described as potential reservoirs of AMR, however data remain scarce. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of AMR between 2017 and 2019, among 2050 isolates of Gram-negative and positive bacteria, from exotic pets originating from Toulouse, France. Bacterial isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was assayed by disk diffusion method and phenotypic resistance profiles of 483 isolates were determined. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism® (version 8.4.2.) and differences were considered relevant if p<0.05. AMR rates were analyzed (p<0,0001) to evaluate the resistance profile among the three years. Isolates showed variable resistance to different antibiotics groups (-lactams, aminoglycosides, amphenicols, fluoroquinolones, fusidane, lincosamides, macrolides, pleuromutilins, polymyxins, sulfonamides and tetracyclines). However, was more frequently the resistance to -lactams, macrolides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and amphenicols. Multiple Multidrug Resistant (MDR) bacteria were observed with predominance in Enterococcus faecalis (n=79) and Escherichia coli (n=52). These results highlight exotic pets as a reservoir of MDR bacteria, a potential hazard to public health. Monitoring antimicrobial-resistance in all animal species amongst restrictive antibiotic use policies, improvement measures and preliminary interventions are urgently required. This is the first report of a large-scale monitoring antimicrobial resistance in exotic pets bringing new insights to the current status of antimicrobial resistance.
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Keywords
Animais exóticos Resistência antimicrobiana França One Health Exotic pets Antimicrobial resistance France