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Mastocitoma canino: potenciais abordagens terapêuticas
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O Mastocitoma é uma das neoplasias cutâneas mais comuns em clínica de pequenos animais, representando cerca de 16 a 21% dos tumores cutâneos caninos.
O diagnóstico é feito maioritariamente por citologia e/ou histopatologia, com o objetivo de chegar ao diagnóstico definitivo e estadiamento clínico/grau histológico, sendo que, em animais com mastocitomas de alto grau serão necessários exames complementares.
Apesar de existirem várias opções de tratamento para o mastocitoma canino, as escolhas mais frequentemente implementadas são a cirurgia, a radioterapia e/ou a quimioterapia. Para além destas, ainda existem outras sugestões como a terapia com interleucinas, a eletroquimioterapia, a terapia com vírus, entre outras.
Este artigo de revisão permite facilitar a escolha da terapêutica a implementar de acordo com o grau histológico e o tipo de mastocitoma. Os mastocitomas de grau I e alguns de grau II que não apresentam evidências de metástases, a terapêutica de eleição é a excisão cirúrgica. Mastocitomas de grau II e grau III que apresentam elevada probabilidade de metastização, a cirurgia por si só raramente é curativa, e necessitam de terapia adjuvante com quimioterapia ou radioterapia. Nos mastocitomas que já apresentam metástases ou são recidivantes o tratamento será sempre paliativo, que pode passar desde a cirurgia e/ou incluir protocolos de combinação de quimioterapia.
Mastocytoma is one of the most common cutaneous neoplasms in small animal clinics, ac-counting for about 16 to 21% of canine cutaneous cancers. The diagnosis is made mostly by cytology and/or histopathology, with the objective of reaching definitive diagnosis and clinical staging / histological grade, and in animals with high grade mastocy-tomas will require complementary tests. Although there are several treatment options for canine mastocytoma, the most often imple-mented choices are surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. In addition to these, there are other suggestions such as therapy with interleukins, electrochemotherapy, virus therapy, among others. This review article allows facilitating the choice of the therapy to be implemented according to the histological grade and type of mastocytoma. Grade I mastocytomas and some grade II mastocy-tomas that show no evidence of metastasis, the treatment of choice is surgical excision. Grade II and III mastocytomas with a high probability of metastasis, surgery alone are rarely curative, and require adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy or radiation therapy. In mastocytomas that already have metas-tases or are recurrent the treatment will always be palliative, which may be passed from surgery and/or include combination chemotherapy protocols.
Mastocytoma is one of the most common cutaneous neoplasms in small animal clinics, ac-counting for about 16 to 21% of canine cutaneous cancers. The diagnosis is made mostly by cytology and/or histopathology, with the objective of reaching definitive diagnosis and clinical staging / histological grade, and in animals with high grade mastocy-tomas will require complementary tests. Although there are several treatment options for canine mastocytoma, the most often imple-mented choices are surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. In addition to these, there are other suggestions such as therapy with interleukins, electrochemotherapy, virus therapy, among others. This review article allows facilitating the choice of the therapy to be implemented according to the histological grade and type of mastocytoma. Grade I mastocytomas and some grade II mastocy-tomas that show no evidence of metastasis, the treatment of choice is surgical excision. Grade II and III mastocytomas with a high probability of metastasis, surgery alone are rarely curative, and require adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy or radiation therapy. In mastocytomas that already have metas-tases or are recurrent the treatment will always be palliative, which may be passed from surgery and/or include combination chemotherapy protocols.
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Cão Mastocitoma Oncologia Tratamento Dog Mastocytoma Oncology Treatment