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O Treino Metacognitivo (TMC) constitui uma intervenção psicoterapêutica
relativamente recente, com evidência científica crescente quanto à sua eficácia,
encontrando-se no âmbito das competências dos Enfermeiros Especialistas em
Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica (EEESMP). Face a esta realidade,
consideramos pertinente desenvolver um estudo que avalie o conhecimento
que estes profissionais detêm sobre esta intervenção e que fatores influenciam
a sua aplicabilidade clínica. Esta investigação tem como objetivos: analisar o
conhecimento dos EEESMP sobre o TMC; identificar a frequência da sua
utilização na prática clínica; e analisar os fatores que influenciam o
conhecimento e a aplicação desta intervenção, com o intuito de identificar
lacunas e oportunidades para a sua implementação efetiva na prática clínica
em Portugal. É um estudo quantitativo, de caráter descritivo-correlacional e
transversal, com uma amostra não probabilística em "bola de neve" constituída
por 160 EEESMP. Para a recolha de dados, foi utilizado um questionário ad
hoc, respeitando os princípios éticos e o Regulamento Geral de Proteção de
Dados. Os resultados mostraram uma baixa adesão ao uso do TMC na prática
clínica. As principais barreiras identificadas para a sua implementação foram a
falta de formação prática supervisionada e, (particularmente nos enfermeiros
com menos experiência), o receio de serem avaliados. Conclui-se que, embora
os EEESMP se mostrarem recetivos à intervenção, é fundamental investir em
formação contínua e supervisionada. Este investimento poderá consolidar o
conhecimento teórico-prático e potenciar a implementação do TMC na prática
clínica, colmatando a lacuna entre o potencial desta intervenção e a sua efetiva
utilização nos cuidados de saúde mental em Portugal.
Metacognitive Training (MCT) is a relatively recent psychotherapeutic intervention with growing scientific evidence supporting its efficacy. It falls within the scope of practice of Specialist Nurses in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing (SN-MHPN). Given this context, we deemed it relevant to conduct a study assessing these professionals' knowledge of this intervention and the factors influencing its clinical applicability. This research aimed to: Analyze SNMHPNs' knowledge of MCT; Identify the frequency of its use in clinical practice; and examine the factors influencing knowledge and implementation, to identify gaps and opportunities for its effective implementation in clinical practice in Portugal. This quantitative study followed a descriptive-correlational and crosssectional design, using a non-probabilistic "snowball" sampling method that included 160 SN-MHPNs. Data collection was performed through an ad hoc questionnaire, adhering to ethical principles and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The results revealed low adoption of MCT in clinical practice. The main barriers to implementation were: A lack of supervised practical training; and (Particularly among less experienced nurses) the fear of being evaluated. In conclusion, although SN-MHPNs were receptive to the intervention, it is crucial to invest in continuous and supervised training. Such investment could strengthen theoretical-practical knowledge and enhance MCT implementation in clinical practice, bridging the gap between this intervention’s potential and its actual use in mental health care in Portugal.
Metacognitive Training (MCT) is a relatively recent psychotherapeutic intervention with growing scientific evidence supporting its efficacy. It falls within the scope of practice of Specialist Nurses in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing (SN-MHPN). Given this context, we deemed it relevant to conduct a study assessing these professionals' knowledge of this intervention and the factors influencing its clinical applicability. This research aimed to: Analyze SNMHPNs' knowledge of MCT; Identify the frequency of its use in clinical practice; and examine the factors influencing knowledge and implementation, to identify gaps and opportunities for its effective implementation in clinical practice in Portugal. This quantitative study followed a descriptive-correlational and crosssectional design, using a non-probabilistic "snowball" sampling method that included 160 SN-MHPNs. Data collection was performed through an ad hoc questionnaire, adhering to ethical principles and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The results revealed low adoption of MCT in clinical practice. The main barriers to implementation were: A lack of supervised practical training; and (Particularly among less experienced nurses) the fear of being evaluated. In conclusion, although SN-MHPNs were receptive to the intervention, it is crucial to invest in continuous and supervised training. Such investment could strengthen theoretical-practical knowledge and enhance MCT implementation in clinical practice, bridging the gap between this intervention’s potential and its actual use in mental health care in Portugal.
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Palavras-chave
Enfermagem Psiquiátrica Psicoterapia Treino Metacognitivo Atitudes Prática em Saúde
