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O impacto do uso de prótese total removível na qualidade de vida dos idosos
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Abstract(s)
Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral (QVRSO) da população geriátrica da Clínica Dentária Egas Moniz (CDEM) com prótese total removível.
Materiais e Métodos: A amostra foi de 50 idosos com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos, que compareceram na CDEM e eram portadores de prótese total mandibular e/ou maxilar.
Aplicou-se um questionário, que recolheu dados sociodemográficos e dados relativos à qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral, avaliada por meio de instrumentos validados, os índices Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) e do Oral Health Impact Profile- 14 (OHIP-14). Recorreu-se a metodologias de análise estatística descritiva e inferencial dos dados, sendo estabelecido um nível de significância de 5% p≤ 0,05. A análise dos dados foi realizada através do teste de correlação de Spearman por meio do software estatístico IBM SPSS Statistics, versão 30.0.
Resultados: A média de idade dos participantes foi 73,2 anos, 62% da amostra pertencia ao sexo feminino e 38% ao sexo masculino. A média do GOHAI foi 25,64 (± 8,43) indicando uma perceção baixa de saúde oral. A média do OHIP-14 foi 25,18 (± 8,57).
Estes resultados refletem uma perceção baixa e moderada da QVRSO dos participantes. Verificou-se uma correlação negativa significativa entre os dois instrumentos (r = -0,71; P < 0,01), indicando que pontuações mais baixas no GOHAI estão associadas a pontuações mais elevadas no OHIP-14, o que é explicado pela direção inversa das escalas.
Conclusão: Os idosos com reabilitação oral através de próteses totais removíveis demostram limitações funcionais e psicossociais. O uso combinado dos instrumentos GOHAI e OHIP-14 revelou-se útil para a avaliação subjetiva da saúde oral de modo a compreender o impacto da reabilitação total removível na QVRSO da população geriátrica.
Objective: To evaluate the oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) of the geriatric population at the Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (CDEM) wearing complete removable dentures. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 50 elderly individuals aged 65 years or older who attended CDEM and were users of complete mandibular and/or maxillary dentures. A questionnaire was applied to collect sociodemographic data and information related to OHRQoL, assessed through validated instruments: the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed, with a significance leve set at 5% (p ≤ 0.05). Data analysis was carried out using Spearman’s correlation test with IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 30.0. Results: The mean age of participants was 73.2 years; 62% were female and 38% male. The mean GOHAI score was 25.64 (± 8.43), indicating a low perception of oral health, and the mean OHIP-14 score was 25.18 (± 8.57). These results reflect a low to moderate perception of OHRQoL among participants. A significant negative correlation was found between the two instruments (r = -0.71; p < 0.01), indicating that lower GOHAI scores were associated with higher OHIP-14 scores, explained by the inverse direction of the scales. Conclusion: Elderly individuals rehabilitated with complete removable dentures demonstrated functional and psychosocial limitations. The combined use of the GOHAI and OHIP-14 instruments proved useful for subjectively assessing oral health and understanding the impact of complete removable denture rehabilitation on the OHRQoL of the geriatric population.
Objective: To evaluate the oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) of the geriatric population at the Egas Moniz Dental Clinic (CDEM) wearing complete removable dentures. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 50 elderly individuals aged 65 years or older who attended CDEM and were users of complete mandibular and/or maxillary dentures. A questionnaire was applied to collect sociodemographic data and information related to OHRQoL, assessed through validated instruments: the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed, with a significance leve set at 5% (p ≤ 0.05). Data analysis was carried out using Spearman’s correlation test with IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 30.0. Results: The mean age of participants was 73.2 years; 62% were female and 38% male. The mean GOHAI score was 25.64 (± 8.43), indicating a low perception of oral health, and the mean OHIP-14 score was 25.18 (± 8.57). These results reflect a low to moderate perception of OHRQoL among participants. A significant negative correlation was found between the two instruments (r = -0.71; p < 0.01), indicating that lower GOHAI scores were associated with higher OHIP-14 scores, explained by the inverse direction of the scales. Conclusion: Elderly individuals rehabilitated with complete removable dentures demonstrated functional and psychosocial limitations. The combined use of the GOHAI and OHIP-14 instruments proved useful for subjectively assessing oral health and understanding the impact of complete removable denture rehabilitation on the OHRQoL of the geriatric population.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
GOHAI OHIP-14 Idosos Prótese total removível