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Avaliação do risco de lesões músculo– esqueléticas ligadas ao trabalho em empresa da indústria alimentar
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O objetivo desta dissertação consiste na avaliação dos riscos de Lesões Músculo-
Esqueléticas Ligadas ao Trabalho (LMELT) em postos de trabalho de uma empresa da
indústria alimentar, bem como a apresentação de propostas que possam contribuir para a
melhoria das condições de trabalho em termos ergonómicos. Foram analisados os postos
de trabalho que poderão apresentar maior risco LMELT, concretamente os postos de
trabalho de Pré-pesagens, Alimentação de Máquinas Misturadoras, Linhas de Produção,
Pickings de produto final e Escritórios.
Relativamente a cada posto de trabalho, efetuou-se a escolha do método de avaliação de
risco LMELT mais adequado, consoante as suas características. De entre os vários
métodos de avaliação existentes, foram utilizados os seguintes: método da Equação de
NIOSH, Tabelas de Snook e Ciriello, método RULA-Rapid Upper Limb Assessment e
OWAS- Owako Working Analysis System. Relativamente aos postos de trabalho de Prépesagens,
Alimentação de Máquinas Misturadoras, Linhas de Produção e Pickings,
recorreu-se ao método da Equação de NIOSH, já que nestes postos de trabalho existe
manipulação manual de cargas, nomeadamente levantamento de sacos. O método RULA,
que avalia posturas de vários membros do corpo, enquadra-se na avaliação do posto de
trabalho de descarga dos sacos para as misturadoras e avaliação das posturas dos
trabalhadores do escritório. As Tabelas de Snook e Ciriello, que avaliam o transporte de
cargas pelos trabalhadores numa certa distância, serão aplicadas ao posto de trabalho de
Pré-pesagens, uma vez que os trabalhadores necessitam, por vezes, de transportar os sacos
das paletes até às balanças. Por último, o método OWAS, é aplicado também ao posto de
trabalho de Alimentação das Máquinas Misturadoras.
Concluiu-se da aplicação dos referidos métodos que os trabalhadores, em cada um dos
postos de trabalho analisados, estão expostos a riscos LMELT relacionados com as
atividades que desempenham. Em postos de trabalho que envolvam manipulação manual
de cargas, como os Pickings, Pré-pesagens, Alimentação das Máquinas Misturadoras ou
Linhas de Produção, os trabalhadores correm o risco de sofrer lesões músculo-esqueléticas
relacionadas com os levantamentos. No posto de Alimentação das Máquinas Misturadoras,
os trabalhadores estão expostos a riscos LMELT relacionados com posturas inadequadas.
The aim of this work is the assessment of the risk of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) in several work posts of a industrial company, as well as the presentation of proposals that can contribute to improvement in the related working conditions. The analyzed work posts were: Pre-weighing, Feeding of the Mixing Machines, Production lines, Pickings and Offices. Each work post will have a specific method of WMSD risk assessment, depending on its features. Among the existing methods of assessment, the following were used: the NIOSH Equation, Snook and Ciriello’s Tables, RULA-Rapid Upper Limb Assessment and OWASOwako Working Analysis System methods. The NIOSH Equation was used for the Preweighing, Feeding of Mixing Machines, Production lines and Pickings, since these jobs require manual handling of loads. The RULA method, which evaluates the positions of several members of the body, is used in the evaluation of the Feeding of Mixing Machines, as well as the evaluation of the postures of the Office workers. The Tables of Snook and Ciriello’s Tables, which assesses the transport of loads by workers on a certain distance, was applied to the Pre-weighing work post, since sometimes the workers need to carry the bags from the pallets to the scales. Finally, the OWAS method, was also applied to the work post of Feeding of Mixing Machines. It was concluded using these methods, that the workers in the analyzed work posts are exposed to WMSD risks related to the activities they perform. In the work posts involving manual handling of loads, such as Pickings, Pre-weighing, Feeding of the Mixing Machines or Production lines, workers are at risk of suffering musculoskeletal injuries. At the Feeding of the Mixing Machines work post, workers are also exposed to WMSD risks related to inadequate postures.
The aim of this work is the assessment of the risk of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) in several work posts of a industrial company, as well as the presentation of proposals that can contribute to improvement in the related working conditions. The analyzed work posts were: Pre-weighing, Feeding of the Mixing Machines, Production lines, Pickings and Offices. Each work post will have a specific method of WMSD risk assessment, depending on its features. Among the existing methods of assessment, the following were used: the NIOSH Equation, Snook and Ciriello’s Tables, RULA-Rapid Upper Limb Assessment and OWASOwako Working Analysis System methods. The NIOSH Equation was used for the Preweighing, Feeding of Mixing Machines, Production lines and Pickings, since these jobs require manual handling of loads. The RULA method, which evaluates the positions of several members of the body, is used in the evaluation of the Feeding of Mixing Machines, as well as the evaluation of the postures of the Office workers. The Tables of Snook and Ciriello’s Tables, which assesses the transport of loads by workers on a certain distance, was applied to the Pre-weighing work post, since sometimes the workers need to carry the bags from the pallets to the scales. Finally, the OWAS method, was also applied to the work post of Feeding of Mixing Machines. It was concluded using these methods, that the workers in the analyzed work posts are exposed to WMSD risks related to the activities they perform. In the work posts involving manual handling of loads, such as Pickings, Pre-weighing, Feeding of the Mixing Machines or Production lines, workers are at risk of suffering musculoskeletal injuries. At the Feeding of the Mixing Machines work post, workers are also exposed to WMSD risks related to inadequate postures.
Description
Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de
Mestre em Segurança e Higiene no Trabalho
Keywords
Lesões Músculo-Esqueléticas avaliação de risco equação de NIOSH Tabelas de Snook e Ciriello método RULA método OWAS Manipulação manual de cargas postura ergonomia Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders risk assessment NIOSH equation Snook and Ciriello tables RULA method OWAS method Manual handling of loads posture Ergonomy MSHT
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais