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Efeitos de um Programa de Exercícios com Recurso ao Biofeedback Eletromiográfico comparativamente a um Programa de Exercícios Isolado, ao nível da Dor, Funcionalidade e Intensidade de Ativação dos Músculos do Complexo Articular do Ombro, em Atleta Femininas de Voleibol
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Abstract(s)
INTRODUÇÃO: A dor no complexo articular do ombro (CAO) é uma queixa frequente em
atletas overhead (OH). No voleibol, pela complexidade do gesto técnico, existe uma elevada
prevalência de lesões de sobreuso. Para corrigi-las, a literatura atual foca-se em exercícios
direcionados para a estabilidade dinâmica (ED) da escapulotorácica (ET) referindo que o
biofeedback eletromiográfico (BEMG) quando adicionado a estes, traz benefícios.
OBJETIVO: Testar a efetividade do BEMG adicionado a um programa de exercícios de
ED nas variáveis, tempos de ativação muscular, intensidade da dor e funcionalidade, em
atletas voleibolistas femininas com disfunções do CAO (DCAO). METODOLOGIA: As
19 atletas selecionadas foram sujeitas a um processo de aleatorização, obtendo dois grupos
homogéneos, um que realizou o protocolo de exercícios (GEXC) e outro que realizou o
protocolo de exercícios com recurso ao BEMG (GBEMG). Esta intervenção teve a duração
de 8 semanas tendo sido realizadas três avaliações, uma inicial (T0), uma intermédia (T1) e
uma final (T2). Foram avaliadas as variáveis em estudo numa tarefa lenta e numa balística.
RESULTADOS: Numa comparação inter-grupos, pôde-se verificar que nos tempos de
ativação, nas duas tarefas, em T1 e em T2, os resultados beneficiaram maioritariamente o
GBEMG, assim como na dor e funcionalidade. Relativamente à comparação intra-grupo,
houve resultados estatisticamente significativos: na tarefa lenta o trapézio superior (TS)
apresentou uma ativação mais retardada, no GEXC e uma ativação mais precoce na tarefa
balística, quer no GEXC (T1-T2) quer no GBEMG (T0-T2). Em relação à dor houve redução
significativa da intensidade no GEXC (T0-T1) e GBEMG (T1-T2 e T0-T2), assim como na
funcionalidade no GBEMG (T0-T2). DISCUSSÃO E CONCLUSÃO: Na generalidade,
não se pode afirmar que o BEMG é benéfico quando adicionado a um protocolo de exercícios
de ED nesta população, pois as diferenças entre os grupos ao nível das três variáveis não são
estatisticamente significativas.
INTRODUCTION: Shoulder pain is a frequent complaint in overhead athletes. In volleyball, the complexity of the technical gesture is responsible for the high prevalence of overuse injuries in this joint. In order to treat these lesions, the current literature focuses on targeted exercises for dynamic stability of the scapulothoracic muscles, stating that electromyographic biofeedback when added to these exercises shows better results. AIM: To test the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback when added to a dynamic stability exercise program in the variables, muscle onsets, pain intensity and functionality, in female volleyball players with shoulder dysfunction. METHODOLOGY: The 19 athletes went throw a randomized process, obtaining two homogeneous groups, one did the exercise protocol (GEXC) and the other the same protocol with electromyographic biofeedback (GBEMG). This intervention lasted for 8 weeks, with one initial assessment (T0), one after 4 weeks, in the middle of the intervention protocol (T1) and one at the end (T2). The study variables were evaluated in two tasks, slow and ballistic. RESULTS: In an intergroup comparison, it was verified that on muscle onsets, in the two tasks, in T1 and T2, the results benefited mainly GBEMG, as well as in pain and functionality. Regarding the intra-group comparison, there were statistically significant results: in the slow task the upper trapezius presented a more delayed activation in the GEXC and an earlier activation in the ballistic task, in GEXC (T1-T2) and GBEMG (T0-T2). In relation to pain, there was a significant reduction in intensity in GEXC (T0-T1) and GBEMG (T1-T2 and T0-T2), as well as in GBEMG (T0-T2). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In general, it can’t be said that electromyographic biofeedback is beneficial when added to a protocol of dynamic stability exercises in this population, since the differences between groups in the three variables are not statistically significant.
INTRODUCTION: Shoulder pain is a frequent complaint in overhead athletes. In volleyball, the complexity of the technical gesture is responsible for the high prevalence of overuse injuries in this joint. In order to treat these lesions, the current literature focuses on targeted exercises for dynamic stability of the scapulothoracic muscles, stating that electromyographic biofeedback when added to these exercises shows better results. AIM: To test the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback when added to a dynamic stability exercise program in the variables, muscle onsets, pain intensity and functionality, in female volleyball players with shoulder dysfunction. METHODOLOGY: The 19 athletes went throw a randomized process, obtaining two homogeneous groups, one did the exercise protocol (GEXC) and the other the same protocol with electromyographic biofeedback (GBEMG). This intervention lasted for 8 weeks, with one initial assessment (T0), one after 4 weeks, in the middle of the intervention protocol (T1) and one at the end (T2). The study variables were evaluated in two tasks, slow and ballistic. RESULTS: In an intergroup comparison, it was verified that on muscle onsets, in the two tasks, in T1 and T2, the results benefited mainly GBEMG, as well as in pain and functionality. Regarding the intra-group comparison, there were statistically significant results: in the slow task the upper trapezius presented a more delayed activation in the GEXC and an earlier activation in the ballistic task, in GEXC (T1-T2) and GBEMG (T0-T2). In relation to pain, there was a significant reduction in intensity in GEXC (T0-T1) and GBEMG (T1-T2 and T0-T2), as well as in GBEMG (T0-T2). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In general, it can’t be said that electromyographic biofeedback is beneficial when added to a protocol of dynamic stability exercises in this population, since the differences between groups in the three variables are not statistically significant.
Description
Dissertação de mestrado em Fisioterapia –
Ramo das Condições Músculo-esqueléticas
Keywords
Biofeedback eletromiográfico Fisioterapia Estabilidade Dinâmica Dor Função Disfunções no ombro Voleibolistas Femininas Electromyographic biofeedback Physical Therapy Dynamic Stability Pain Function Shoulder Dysfunctions Female Volleyball Players
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Escola Superior de Saúde