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Publication
MEDIDAS DE CONTROLO DO RISCO DE QUEDA EM ACESSO VERTICAL A ESPAÇOS CONFINADOS: CONCEÇÃO DE UM EQUIPAMENTO ANTI-QUEDA
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O âmbito deste projeto foi o controlo do risco de queda em acesso vertical a espaços confinados – problema que foi identificado e avaliado como não resolvido pelas soluções pré-existentes.
O projeto teve como objetivo responder ao problema do controlo do risco de queda em acessos verticais a espaços confinados, concebendo um novo equipamento anti-queda adequado ao efeito.
Foi feita uma avaliação de riscos com Matriz de Identificação de Perigos e Avaliação de Riscos do procedimento interno da empresa que foi o campo de estudo deste trabalho - EPAL, SA, Empresa Portuguesa das Águas Livres.
Um novo equipamento anti-queda foi produzido em material Inox, do tipo ST 275 de classificação AISI 316. Este foi manufaturado sob processos, conceitos físicos e mecânicos específicos e normalizados. O invento foi desenvolvido iterativamente para se tornar eficaz, prático de transportar e fácil de usar nos diferentes tipos de aberturas acedidas, com ensaios em diversas tipologias de acesso vertical a espaços confinados, e com cálculos estruturais para determinação da resistência mecânica.
Em resultado, o dispositivo desenvolvido é aplicável a qualquer tipo de degraus com espessura máxima de 2,5 cm, e distância mínima de 22 cm entre os respetivos apoios. Evidenciou-se a qualidade das soldaduras aplicadas e das opções geométricas tomadas pela secção quadrangular das colunas e pelas respetivas dimensões de perfis. Foram verificados atributos de facilidade de transporte, de aplicação, de rapidez de colocação e desmontagem, de estabilidade e resistência do equipamento, assim como as vantagens de tempo e custos comparativamente às soluções pré-existentes.
Conclusivamente, o equipamento desenvolvido permite a prevenção e a proteção de queda no acesso vertical a espaços confinados, e supre a carência para laboração segura da população alvo. Os resultados intercalares deste projeto foram publicados com arbitragem científica e o resultado final foi patenteado com nº PT 110 383.
The scope of this project was the risk control of falling in vertical access to confined spaces - a problem that was identified and assessed as not being solved by pre-existing solutions. The project aimed at responding the problem of risk control of falling in vertical accesses to confined spaces, by conceiving a new anti-fall equipment suitable for the effect. A risk assessment was carried out through the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Matrix of an internal procedure of the company's adopted as field of study in this academic work - EPAL, SA, Empresa Portuguesa das Águas Livres. A new anti-fall device was manufactured, out of stainless steel of type ST 275 of AISI 316 classification. This was created under specific and standardized physical and mechanical processes concepts. The invention was iteratively developed to become effective, practical to transport and easy to use in the different types of openings accessed, through testing in different types of vertical access to confined spaces, and through structural calculating to determine the mechanical resistance. As a result, the developed device is applicable to any type of steps with a maximum thickness of 2.5 cm, and a minimum distance of 22 cm between the correspondent supports. The quality of the applied welding and geometric options by the quadrangular section of the columns and the correspondent profile dimensions, was demonstrated. Attributes such as easy transport, application, speed of installation and of disassembly, stability and resistance of the equipment, were verified, as well as the time and costs advantages as compared to pre-existing solutions. In conclusion, the developed device allows the prevention and protection of falls in vertical access to confined spaces, and provides for the safe working of the target population. The intermediate results of this project were published with scientific peer review and the end result was patented under No. PT 110 383.
The scope of this project was the risk control of falling in vertical access to confined spaces - a problem that was identified and assessed as not being solved by pre-existing solutions. The project aimed at responding the problem of risk control of falling in vertical accesses to confined spaces, by conceiving a new anti-fall equipment suitable for the effect. A risk assessment was carried out through the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Matrix of an internal procedure of the company's adopted as field of study in this academic work - EPAL, SA, Empresa Portuguesa das Águas Livres. A new anti-fall device was manufactured, out of stainless steel of type ST 275 of AISI 316 classification. This was created under specific and standardized physical and mechanical processes concepts. The invention was iteratively developed to become effective, practical to transport and easy to use in the different types of openings accessed, through testing in different types of vertical access to confined spaces, and through structural calculating to determine the mechanical resistance. As a result, the developed device is applicable to any type of steps with a maximum thickness of 2.5 cm, and a minimum distance of 22 cm between the correspondent supports. The quality of the applied welding and geometric options by the quadrangular section of the columns and the correspondent profile dimensions, was demonstrated. Attributes such as easy transport, application, speed of installation and of disassembly, stability and resistance of the equipment, were verified, as well as the time and costs advantages as compared to pre-existing solutions. In conclusion, the developed device allows the prevention and protection of falls in vertical access to confined spaces, and provides for the safe working of the target population. The intermediate results of this project were published with scientific peer review and the end result was patented under No. PT 110 383.
Description
Keywords
Queda em altura, Segurança anti-queda, Equipamento anti-queda, Acesso vertical a espaços confinados Fall from a height, Fall-arrest safety, Anti-fall device, Vertical access to confined spaces.