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Conversão da vinha de VALBOM para o modo de produção biológico
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Abstract(s)
Neste trabalho foi feito o acompanhamento do segundo ano do período de conversão para o modo de produção biológico, da Vinha de Valbom da Fundação Eugénio de Almeida, situada em Évora. Fez-se uma caracterização da vinha e foram recolhidos dados para análise dos três anos anteriores ao início do período de conversão, em que a vinha ainda estava em modo de produção convencional, para poder comparar com os dois anos do período de conversão.
Foram comparadas as operações culturais realizadas no período de conversão com as realizadas no modo convencional e verificou-se que eram praticamente as mesmas, à exceção do corte de ervas/desladroar que se deve á introdução de enrelvamento na linha, e que vem substituir a aplicação de herbicidas.
Os custos iniciais de conversão da vinha foram pontuais e relativamente baixos, tendo apenas obrigado à aquisição de uma máquina específica.
Relativamente aos custos de produção, registou-se um acréscimo de 10,3% nos custos/ha no ano inicial da conversão, mas no segundo ano os custos voltaram para valores semelhantes aos registados no período anterior à conversão (2.400 a 2.600 €/ha). A estrutura de custos manteve a mesma relação que em modo convencional, com preponderância dos custos de mão-de-obra.
Nas produtividades registaram-se valores enquadrados na média das vinhas em modo convencional, em cada um dos dois anos da conversão, ou seja em torno dos 5.600 a 7.600 kg/ha.
Obtiveram-se assim resultados importantes, não apenas por ser um dos poucos estudos sobre a conversão para vinha biológica, mas também porque se concluiu que a conversão para o modo de produção biológico não tem, pelo menos neste caso, um impacto significativo nem na produtividade nem nos custos de produção por hectare.
This work was done to monitor the second year of conversion to organic production, the Vineyard Valbom, Fundação Eugénio de Almeida, located in Évora. There was a characterization of the vineyard and data were collected for analysis of the three years preceding the start of the conversion period, in which the vineyard was still in conventional production, to compare with the two-year conversion period. We compared the cultural operations in the period conversion with those in the conventional way and it was found that they were almost the same, except for grass cutting / desladroar that should to the introduction of cover crops on the line, and it replaces the application of herbicides. The initial costs of conversion of vineyards were punctual and relatively low, with only required the purchase of a specific machine. Regarding the costs of production, there was an increase of 10.3% cost / hectare in the initial year of conversion, but in the second year costs returned to values similar to those recorded in the period prior to conversion (2400-2600 € / ha). The cost structure remained the same relationship as in the conventional way, with a preponderance of labor costs. In yields were recorded average values covered by the vineyards in the conventional way, each of the two years of conversion, in other words, at around 5600-7600 kg / ha. There was thus obtained important findings not only for being one of the few studies on the biological conversion vineyard, but also because it was found that the conversion for organic farming hasn´t, at least in this case, a significant impact on productivity or in the production costs per hectare.
This work was done to monitor the second year of conversion to organic production, the Vineyard Valbom, Fundação Eugénio de Almeida, located in Évora. There was a characterization of the vineyard and data were collected for analysis of the three years preceding the start of the conversion period, in which the vineyard was still in conventional production, to compare with the two-year conversion period. We compared the cultural operations in the period conversion with those in the conventional way and it was found that they were almost the same, except for grass cutting / desladroar that should to the introduction of cover crops on the line, and it replaces the application of herbicides. The initial costs of conversion of vineyards were punctual and relatively low, with only required the purchase of a specific machine. Regarding the costs of production, there was an increase of 10.3% cost / hectare in the initial year of conversion, but in the second year costs returned to values similar to those recorded in the period prior to conversion (2400-2600 € / ha). The cost structure remained the same relationship as in the conventional way, with a preponderance of labor costs. In yields were recorded average values covered by the vineyards in the conventional way, each of the two years of conversion, in other words, at around 5600-7600 kg / ha. There was thus obtained important findings not only for being one of the few studies on the biological conversion vineyard, but also because it was found that the conversion for organic farming hasn´t, at least in this case, a significant impact on productivity or in the production costs per hectare.
Description
Keywords
Modo de Produção biológico Custos de Produção Conversão Vinha Biológica