Inzamam Ul HaqChunhui HuoPaulo Ferreira2025-12-122025-12-122025-11-02Towards economic growth and a sustainable future: Insights beyond the Environmental Kuznets Curve. Politická ekonomie, Forthcoming articles, https://doi.org/10.18267/j.polek.1501http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/60369This study explores the dynamic nexus between economic growth and sustainable development for 92 countries across high-, upper-middle-, lower-middle- and low-income groups. We validate the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis from a novel perspective. We employed a novel technique of Narayan et al. (Economic Modelling, 2016, 53, 388-397) through simple cross-correlation estimates and a panel causality technique. The analysis covers data from 1990 to 2022 using annual data. Our findings show that the EKC hypothesis is supported for five out of 92 (5%) countries and that income growth will increase sustainable development for 50 (54%) countries. Notably, the analysis reveals that as income level rises, sustainable development will decrease (increase) within high-income (middle and low-income) countries in the future. The panel causality analysis finds a significant causal relationship across countries. We also address theory and policy implications.engEKC hypothesiseconomic growthsustainable developmentcross-correlationresearch article2025-12-05cv-prod-461755810.18267/j.polek.1501