Nobre, Miguel de AraújoSalvado, FranciscoNogueira, PauloRocha, EvangelistaIlg, PeterMaló, Paulo2025-07-142025-07-142019-02de Araújo Nobre, M., Salvado, F., Nogueira, P., Rocha, E., Ilg, P., & Maló, P. (2019). A Peri-Implant Disease Risk Score for Patients with Dental Implants: Validation and the Influence of the Interval between Maintenance Appointments. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(2), 252. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm80202522077-0383http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/58052Background: There is a need for tools that provide prediction of peri-implant disease. The purpose of this study was to validate a risk score for peri-implant disease and to assess the influence of the recall regimen in disease incidence based on a five-year retrospective cohort. Methods: Three hundred and fifty-three patients with 1238 implants were observed. A risk score was calculated from eight predictors and risk groups were established. Relative risk (RR) was estimated using logistic regression, and the c-statistic was calculated. The effect/impact of the recall regimen (≤ six months; > six months) on the incidence of peri-implant disease was evaluated for a subset of cases and matched controls. The RR and the proportional attributable risk (PAR) were estimated. Results: At baseline, patients fell into the following risk profiles: low-risk (n = 102, 28.9%), moderate-risk (n = 68, 19.3%), high-risk (n = 77, 21.8%), and very high-risk (n = 106, 30%). The incidence of peri-implant disease over five years was 24.1% (n = 85 patients). The RR for the risk groups was 5.52 (c-statistic = 0.858). The RR for a longer recall regimen was 1.06, corresponding to a PAR of 5.87%. Conclusions: The risk score for estimating peri-implant disease was validated and showed very good performance. Maintenance appointments of < six months or > six months did not influence the incidence of peri-implant disease when considering the matching of cases and controls by risk profile.engDental implantsPeri-implantitisPeri-implant diseaseRiskEpidemiologycontribution to journal10.3390/jcm8020252