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;}\listid1499886507}{\list\listtemplateid-1868804390\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc0\leveljc0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'02\'00.;}{\levelnumbers \'01;}\fbias0 \fi-360\li1068\jclisttab\tx1068 }{\listname ;}\listid2022585475}{\list\listtemplateid68419591\listsimple{\listlevel\levelnfc23\leveljc0\levelfollow0\levelstartat1\levelspace0\levelindent0{\leveltext\'01\u-3983 ?;}{\levelnumbers;} \f14\fs16\fbias0 \fi-360\li360\jclisttab\tx360 }{\listname ;}\listid2131780432}}{\*\listoverridetable{\listoverride\listid-119\listoverridecount0\ls1}{\listoverride\listid-125\listoverridecount0\ls2}{\listoverride\listid-126\listoverridecount0\ls3} {\listoverride\listid-127\listoverridecount0\ls4}{\listoverride\listid-128\listoverridecount0\ls5}{\listoverride\listid-120\listoverridecount0\ls6}{\listoverride\listid-129\listoverridecount0\ls7}{\listoverride\listid-130\listoverridecount0\ls8} {\listoverride\listid-131\listoverridecount0\ls9}{\listoverride\listid-132\listoverridecount0\ls10}{\listoverride\listid-5\listoverridecount0\ls11}{\listoverride\listid568732043\listoverridecount0\ls12}{\listoverride\listid2022585475 \listoverridecount0\ls13}{\listoverride\listid2131780432\listoverridecount0\ls14}{\listoverride\listid1265184875\listoverridecount0\ls15}{\listoverride\listid958028354\listoverridecount0\ls16}{\listoverride\listid1499886507\listoverridecount0\ls17} {\listoverride\listid1239249836\listoverridecount0\ls18}{\listoverride\listid1080131503\listoverridecount0\ls19}{\listoverride\listid964508495\listoverridecount0\ls20}{\listoverride\listid273679513\listoverridecount0\ls21}{\listoverride\listid274991503 \listoverridecount0\ls22}{\listoverride\listid1463503711\listoverridecount0\ls23}{\listoverride\listid1216086092\listoverridecount0\ls24}{\listoverride\listid192571849\listoverridecount0\ls25}{\listoverride\listid598563933\listoverridecount0\ls26} {\listoverride\listid825634018\listoverridecount0\ls27}{\listoverride\listid335771319\listoverridecount0\ls28}{\listoverride\listid1387725307\listoverridecount0\ls29}}{\*\revtbl {Unknown;}}{\info{\title Com e med: um estudo contrastivo portugu\'eas-noruegu\'eas} {\author Diana Santos}{\operator Diana Santos}{\creatim\yr2002\mo10\dy16\hr11\min12}{\revtim\yr2002\mo10\dy16\hr11\min12}{\printim\yr2002\mo9\dy26\hr10\min12}{\version2}{\edmins0}{\nofpages1}{\nofwords4444}{\nofchars25333}{\*\company SINTEF} {\nofcharsws31110}{\vern89}}\paperw11900\paperh16840\margl1417\margr1417\margt1417\margb1417 \facingp\deftab284\widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\hyphhotz0\makebackup\sprstsp\otblrul\brkfrm\sprstsm\truncex\nolead\msmcap\lytprtmet\hyphcaps0\viewkind4\viewscale100 \fet0\sectd \headery708\footery708\colsx708\endnhere\titlepg\sectdefaultcl {\headerl \pard\plain \s18\qj\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw5 \tqc\tx4819\tqr\tx9071\adjustright \cgrid {\b\lang1044 Diana Santos}{\lang1044 \par }}{\headerr \pard\plain \s18\qr\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\brdrb\brdrs\brdrw5 \tqc\tx4819\tqr\tx9071\adjustright \cgrid {\b\i\lang1044 Med}{\b\lang1044 e }{\b\i\lang1044 com}{\b\lang1044 : um estudo contrastivo \par }}{\footerl \pard\plain \s17\qj\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4819\tqr\tx9071\adjustright \cgrid {\field{\*\fldinst { PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\lang1024 12}}}{ \par }}{\footerr \pard\plain \s17\qr\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4819\tqr\tx9071\adjustright \cgrid {\field{\*\fldinst { PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\lang1024 3}}}{ \par }}{\headerf \pard\plain \qj\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\tqr\tx9040\adjustright \cgrid {\b Romansk Forum\tab XV Skandinaviske romanistkongress \par }\pard \qj\widctlpar\tqr\tx9040\adjustright {\b Nr. 16 \endash 2002/2\tab Oslo 12.-17. august 2002 \par }\pard\plain \s18\qj\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4819\tqr\tx9071\adjustright \cgrid { \par }}{\footerf \pard\plain \s17\qr\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\tqc\tx4819\tqr\tx9071\adjustright \cgrid {\field{\*\fldinst { PAGE }}{\fldrslt {\lang1024 1}}}{ \par }}{\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8 \pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang{\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \s23\widctlpar\tx5120\tqr\tx8980\adjustright \b\cgrid {Diana Santos \par SINTEF \par }\pard\plain \s21\qj\sa140\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright \b\fs28\cgrid {\i Com}{ e }{\i med}{: um estudo contrastivo portugu\'eas-noruegu\'eas \par }\pard\plain \qj\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright \cgrid {Este estudo tenta verificar duas hip\'f3teses: a primeira, lingu\'edstica, de que h\'e1 uma diferen\'e7a significativa entre as preposi\'e7\'f5es }{\i med}{ e }{\i com}{, n\'e3 o obstante a semelhan\'e7a entre os valores a elas tradicionalmente atribu\'eddos. A segunda, metodol\'f3gica, de que o uso de grandes corpora, e sobretudo o recurso a dados de distribui\'e7\'e3o (e n\'e3o apenas de frequ\'ea ncia), ultrapassa em muito um estudo baseado apenas em casos isolados. \par }\pard \qj\fi284\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright {Sab\'edamos a priori que }{\i med}{ e }{\i com}{ s\'e3o usados de maneira diferente nas duas l\'ednguas. Por um lado: 1. H\'e1 contextos sint\'e1cticos de }{\i med}{ sem paralelo em portugu\'ea s, tais como }{\i Det er godt med... Det er stygt med...}{,}{\i }{em que podemos dizer que o sintagma preposicional (SP) iniciado por }{\i med}{ \'e9 o sujeito da predica\'e7\'e3o. 2. }{\i Med}{ indicando um meio de transporte tamb\'e9m n\'e3 o tem nenhum paralelo que envolva }{\i com}{ em portugu\'eas, em que }{\i med}{ em }{\i Jeg kom med buss}{ teria como equivalente a preposi\'e7\'e3o }{\i de}{: }{\i Vim de autocarro}{. 3. Formas de exprimir, em noruegu\'eas, o papel com que uma dada ac \'e7\'e3o \'e9 desempenhada, como em }{\i Jeg var p\'e5 tur med skolen}{ ou }{\i Jeg var i Nantes med jobben}{, t\'eam de ser indicados de forma muito diferente em portugu\'eas: }{\i Na escola hoje fomos dar um passeio}{ ou }{\i Estive em Nantes numa viagem de trabalho}{. 4. Existem contextos sint\'e1cticos em noruegu\'eas que n\'e3o t\'eam, pura e simplesmente, paralelo em portugu\'eas: part\'edculas verbais (preposi\'e7\'f5es pertencentes ao grupo verbal), cf. }{\i Jeg var med p\'e5 \'e5 skrive brevet}{ ou }{\i Jeg var med p\'e5 at du skulle f\'e5 slippe...}{, traduz\'edveis respectivamente por }{\i Participei na escrita da carta}{ e }{\i Concordei em te deixar n\'e3o ...}{ 5. Finalmente, h\'e1 uma pan\'f3 plia de locu\'e7\'f5es e express\'f5es fixas cujos \ldblquote equivalentes\rdblquote em portugu\'eas n\'e3o cont\'eam }{\i com}{: }{\i til og med (at\'e9), med mindre (a n\'e3o ser que), med vilje (de prop\'f3 sito), med en gang (de repente), med ett (de s\'fabito), med flere (entre outros)... \par }{Por outro lado, tamb\'e9m h\'e1 v\'e1rios contextos de }{\i com}{ sem paralelo em noruegu\'eas, tais como: 1. a sensa\'e7\'e3o ou sentimento \ldblquote em companhia\rdblquote , ou em rela\'e7\'e3o a outros seres humanos (a que poder\'edamos chamar \ldblquote verbos experienciais acompanhados\rdblquote ), ilustrados por frases como: }{\i Eu zanguei-me com ele}{, }{\i N\'f3s divertimo-nos imenso com os palha\'e7os}{, cuja express\'e3o em noruegu\'eas n\'e3o envolve }{\i med}{. 2. }{\i Com}{ \'e9, al \'e9m disso, frequentemente usado para exprimir estados tempor\'e1rios, em casos em que as l\'ednguas germ\'e2nicas empregariam um adjectivo, como \'e9 o caso de }{\i estar}{ (ou }{\i ficar}{)}{\i com frio, fome, medo, pena}{ , respectivamente traduzidos por }{\i v}{\i\lang1044 \'e6re/bli}{\lang1044 }{\i kalt}{, }{\i sulten}{, }{\i redd}{, }{\i lei}{... 3. Existem, tamb\'e9m, muitas locu\'e7\'f5es ou express\'f5es fixas de portugu\'eas que n\'e3o s\'e3o expressas em noruegu \'eas com }{\i med}{, veja-se }{\i de acordo com}{ (}{\i i f}{\i\lang1044 \'f8lge}{\lang1044 ),}{ }{\i para com}{ (}{\i for}{), }{\i com certeza}{ (}{\i sikkert}{). \par Outras formas de express\'e3o, cuja sistematiza\'e7\'e3o \'e9 mais complicada, mas que ilustram diferen\'e7as palp\'e1veis no uso destas preposi\'e7\'f5es s\'e3o: }{\i jobbe med saken}{ (}{\i trabalhar no assunto}{; }{\i tratar do caso}{), }{\i ble med barn}{ (}{\i ficar gr\'e1vida}{), }{\i fazer com que }{(}{\i gj\'f8re slik at}{, }{\i f\'e5 X til \'e5}{). \par Para terminar, mencionamos os empregos mais gramaticais (com menos conte\'fado associado) das duas preposi\'e7\'f5es, nomeadamente quando s\'e3o subcategorizadas por verbos, em que \'e9 f\'e1cil encontrar casos em que apenas uma das duas preposi\'e7\'f5 es \'e9 empregue: }{\i perder com}{ (}{\i tape mot}{), }{\i sonhar com }{(}{\i dr\'f8mme om}{), }{\i espantar-se com}{ (}{\i ble overrasket over}{), e, conversamente, }{\i ta med }{(}{\i levar}{), }{\i f\'f8lge med}{ (}{\i pertencer}{; }{\i fazer parte de }{), }{\i bli med }{(}{\i acompanhar}{), }{\i f\'e5 med seg}{ (}{\i perceber}{). \par Observemos o que nos dizem os dicion\'e1rios quanto a }{\i com}{ e }{\i med}{: o DLPC apresenta 19 \ldblquote sentidos\rdblquote para }{\i com}{, e o Bokm\'e5lsorboka 11 \ldblquote sentidos\rdblquote para }{\i med}{: 7 sentidos de }{\i com}{ em 19 tamb \'e9m foram (independentemente) identificados em }{\i med}{; dos 11 de }{\i med}{, 9 tamb\'e9m figuram como atributos de }{\i com}{. Dada a diferen\'e7a entre os estilos e formato dos dois dicion\'e1rios, e analisando com aten\'e7\'e3o cada um dos \ldblquote campos sem\'e2nticos\rdblquote atribu\'eddos, }{\lang2070 \'e9}{ ineg\'e1vel que a maior parte dos sentidos atribu\'eddos pelos dicion\'e1rios monolingues s\'e3o partilhados pelas duas l\'ed nguas, ainda que especificados de forma bem diferente. \par Os dicion\'e1rios bilingues d\'e3o mais aten\'e7\'e3o \'e0s diferen\'e7as entre as l\'ednguas, claro. \'c9 interessante observar que dois dos cinco \ldblquote campos de tradu\'e7\'e3o\rdblquote identificados no dicion\'e1rio noruegu\'eas-portugu\'ea s de Nilsson (meios de transporte e }{\i e}{, a que chamarei \ldblquote companhia sem\'e2ntica\rdblquote ) n\'e3o se encontrem sequer dicionarizados no Bokm\'e5lsorboka (por fazerem parte de categorias mais amplas l\'e1 identificadas). De qualquer maneira, e apenas pela entrada da preposi\'e7\'e3o }{\i com}{ em Nilsson (1994), nada indica que este par seja especialmente problem\'e1tico. \par Contudo, como j\'e1 referimos, uma preposi\'e7\'e3o \'e9 muitas vezes determinada por outras palavras (verbos, substantivos e adjectivos), devendo, nesse, caso estar dicionarizada sob esses outros itens lexicais. Por outras palavras, nem toda a informa \'e7\'e3o sobre }{\i com}{, seja em que dicion\'e1rio for, se encontra na entrada }{\i com}{: todas as entradas que cont\'eam }{\i com}{ s\'e3o relevantes. Para as obter de forma expedita, por\'e9m, \'e9 preciso poder manipular o dicion\'e1 rio de forma electr\'f3nica. Para a presente investiga\'e7\'e3o, us\'e1mos o dicion\'e1rio portugu\'eas-noruegu\'eas (Engh, em prep.), de 16.000 entradas, correspondendo a 35.000 pares de tradu\'e7\'e3o (tabelas 1 a 2). \par }\pard \qc\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright {\fs20 Tabela 1a: De }{\i\fs20 com}{\fs20 para }{\i\fs20 med}{\fs20 no dicion}{\fs20\lang2070 \'e1rio}{\fs20 portugu\'eas-noruegu\'eas Engh (em prep.) \par }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft709\trkeep\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3119\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4537\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx5812\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Ocorr\'eancias de }{\i com}{\cell sem }{\i med}{\cell com }{\i med}{\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft709\trbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2041 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3119\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4537\clvertalt \clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx5812\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Total\cell 335\cell 261 (78%)\cell 74 (22%)\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Verbos\cell 150\cell 116\cell 34\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Subst. m+f\cell 72+85\cell 60+68\cell 12}{\lang2070 +17\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright { \row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Adjectivos\cell 20\cell 13\cell 7\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft709\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2041\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3119\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4537\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx5812\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Adv., prep.\cell 2+3\cell 1+3\cell 1+0\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qc\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright {\fs20 Tabela 1b: De }{\i\fs20 med}{\fs20 para }{ \i\fs20 com}{\fs20 no dicion}{\fs20\lang2070 \'e1rio}{\fs20 portugu\'eas-noruegu\'eas Engh (em prep.) \par }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft511\trkeep\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3365\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4703\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6058\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Ocorr\'eancias de }{\i med}{\cell sem }{\i com}{\cell com }{\i com}{\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft511\trbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2041 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3365\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4703\clvertalt \clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6058\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Total\cell 451\cell 377 (84%)\cell 74 (16%)\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Verbos\cell 160\cell 126\cell 34\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Subst. m+f\cell 111+71\cell 99+54\cell 12+17\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Adjectivos\cell 77\cell 70\cell 7\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft511\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2041\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3365\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4703\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6058\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Adv., prep.\cell 19+3\cell 18+3\cell 1+0\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\fi284\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright {S e as tabelas 1a e 1b apontam para que a sobreposi\'e7\'e3o das preposi\'e7\'f5es nas duas l\'ednguas \'e9 muito reduzida, a tabela 2 indica, contudo, que tal n\'e3o \'e9 apan\'e1gio das preposi\'e7\'f5es }{\i med}{ e }{\i com}{ , que se encontram no meio do espectro em rela\'e7\'e3o \'e0 sua intertradutibilidade. Ali\'e1s, devido a estarmos em presen\'e7a de um dicion\'e1rio bilingue, calculamos que estejam mais expl\'edcitas as diferen\'e7as do que as semelhan\'e7 as, embora tamb}{\lang2070 \'e9m possa incluir as semelhan\'e7as inesperadas. \par }\pard \qc\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright {\fs20 Tabela 2: V\'e1rios pares de preposi\'e7\'f5es no dicion}{\fs20\lang2070 \'e1rio}{\fs20 Engh (em prep.) \par }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft1276\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3308\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx5103\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6237\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx7088\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {X\cell Freq. X\cell Freq. de X e Y\cell Freq. Y\cell Y\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft1276\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3308\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx5103\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6237\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx7088\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\i em\cell }{ 520\cell 144 (28%)\cell 1213\cell }{\i i\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\i para\cell }{184\cell 25 (14%)\cell 391\cell }{\i for\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\i para\cell }{184\cell 37 (20%)\cell 668\cell }{\i til\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\i sem\cell }{93\cell 41 (44%)\cell 128\cell }{\i uten\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\i sob\cell }{7\cell 4 (57%)\cell 47\cell }{\i under\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft1276\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3308\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx5103\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6237\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx7088\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\i com\cell } {335\cell 74 (22%)\cell 451\cell }{\i med\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard\plain \s36\qj\fi284\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright \lang2070 {\lang1033\cgrid Mas uma preposi\'e7\'e3o \'e9 muito mais do que uma palavra (uma entrada no l\'e9xico). \'c9, antes de mais, uma componente important\'edssima da gram\'e1tica e do sistema de uma l\'edngua, e \'e9 portanto francamente discut\'edvel considerar os dicion\'e1rios como o melhor local para obter informa\'e7\'e3 o sobre o seu uso e \ldblquote sentido\rdblquote (contudo, cf. Carvalho (2001) para uma proposta nesse sentido). Um estudo baseado em corpora permite-nos avaliar a distribui\'e7\'e3o e o peso relativo da informa\'e7\'e3o j\'e1 presente nos dicion\'e1 rios, eventualmente descobrindo caracter\'edsticas adicionais. \tab \par }\pard\plain \qc\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright \cgrid {\fs20\cgrid0 Tabela 3a. Corpora monolingues criados pela Linguateca e pelo Tekstlab (UiO) \par }\trowd \trqc\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2127\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3261\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4395\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8364\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Nome e l\'edngua\cell Tamanho \par em milh\'f5es \par de palavras\cell Tamanho \par em milh\'f5es de frases\cell URL\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\cgrid0 \row }\trowd \trqc\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt \clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2127\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3261\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4395\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8364\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {AC/DC, portugu\'eas\cell 65 \cell 2,5 \cell }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst { HYPERLINK http://acdc.linguateca.pt/acesso/ }{{\*\datafield 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2f002f0061006300640063002e006c0069006e0067007500610074006500630061002e00700074002f00610063006500730073006f002f000000}}}{\fldrslt {\cs35\ul\cf2 http://cetempublico.linguateca.pt/}}}{\cgrid0 \cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\cgrid0 \row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {OBTK (Bokm\'e5l)\cell 18/14,5\cell \cell }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst { HYPERLINK http://www.tekstlab.uio.no/Norwegian/toc.html }{{\*\datafield 00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000170000002e00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e00740065006b00730074006c00610062002e00750069006f002e006e006f002f004e006f007200770065006700690061006e002f0074006f0063002e00680074006d006c000000e0c9ea79f9ba ce118c8200aa004ba90b5c00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e00740065006b00730074006c00610062002e00750069006f002e006e006f002f004e006f007200770065006700690061006e002f0074006f0063002e00680074006d006c000000}}}{\fldrslt {\cs35\ul\cf2 http://www.tekstlab.uio.no/Norwegian/}}}{\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\cgrid0 \row }\trowd \trqc\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2127\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3261\clvertalt \clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4395\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8364\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {ONTK (Nynorsk)\cell 3,7/3,37\cell \cell }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst { HYPERLINK http://www.tekstlab.uio.no/Norwegian/toc.html }{{\*\datafield 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Corpora paralelos (TO: texto original; TT: texto traduzido)}{\cs16\fs20\super\cgrid0 \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s19\qj\widctlpar\adjustright \fs20\cgrid {\cs16\super \chftn }{ Todos os corpora paralelos excepto o COMPARA, }{\field\fldedit{\*\fldinst { HYPERLINK http://acdc.linguateca.pt/COMPARA/Conteudo.html }{{\*\datafield 00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000170000003000000068007400740070003a002f002f0061006300640063002e006c0069006e0067007500610074006500630061002e00700074002f0043004f004d0050004100520041002f0043006f006e0074006500750064006f002e00680074006d006c000000e0c9 ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b6000000068007400740070003a002f002f0061006300640063002e006c0069006e0067007500610074006500630061002e00700074002f0043004f004d0050004100520041002f0043006f006e0074006500750064006f002e00680074006d006c000000}}}{\fldrslt {\cs35\ul\cf2 http://acdc.linguateca.pt/COMPARA/Conteudo.html}}}{, foram desenvolvidos pelo IBA (UiO), }{\field\flddirty{\*\fldinst { HYPERLINK http://www.hf.uio.no/german/sprik/english/corpus.shtml }{{\*\datafield 00d0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b02000000170000003700000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e00680066002e00750069006f002e006e006f002f006700650072006d0061006e002f0073007000720069006b002f0065006e0067006c006900730068002f0063006f0072007000750073002e00 7300680074006d006c000000e0c9ea79f9bace118c8200aa004ba90b6e00000068007400740070003a002f002f007700770077002e00680066002e00750069006f002e006e006f002f006700650072006d0061006e002f0073007000720069006b002f0065006e0067006c006900730068002f0063006f0072007000750073 002e007300680074006d006c000000}}}{\fldrslt {\cs35\ul\cf2 http://www.hf.uio.no/german/sprik/english/corpus.shtml}}}{. A informa\'e7\'e3o quantitativa foi-nos gentilmente cedida por Jarle Ebeling. O COMPARA, sendo um corpus em permanente expans\'e3o, j\'e1 inclui neste momento mais textos do que quando esta investiga\'e7\'e3o foi levada a cabo [Abril 2002].}}}{\fs20\cgrid0 \par }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft-70\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3119\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4864\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6663\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8374\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 Nome, l\'ednguas, n\'fa mero de textos originais\cell Tamanho em palavras em TO\cell Tamanho de palavras em TT\cell N\'famero de frases em TO\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 \row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft-70\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3119\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4864\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6663\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8374\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 ENPC Fiction En-No (30)\cell }{415091}{\lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }{410783}{\lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }{29578}{\lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 \row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 ENPC Fiction No-En (30)\cell }{403571}{\lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }{438438}{\lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }{16642}{ \lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 \row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 ENPC Non-Fiction En-No (20)\cell }{256211}{\lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }{250897}{\lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }{12369}{ \lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 \row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 ENPC Non-Fiction En-No (20)\cell }{226495}{\lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }{261097}{\lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }{14642}{ \lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 \row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {OMC En-Po (16)}{\lang2070\cgrid0 \cell }{200000\cell 230000\cell 15500\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 \row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {COMPARA En-Po (5)\cell 146113\cell 148306\cell 8239\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 \row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {COMPARA Po-En (11)\cell 136274\cell 150797\cell 9400 \cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 \row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft-70\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3119\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4864\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6663\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8374\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {OMC/En-No-Po (15)\cell 203827\cell 202731 Nor \par 213289 Port.\cell 14557\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 \row }\pard \qj\fi284\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright {Visto que temos acesso a uma quantidade consider\'e1vel de corpora electr\'f3 nicos, cf. tabelas 3a e 3b, grande parte dos quais criada no \'e2mbito da Linguateca, inici\'e1mos um estudo contrastivo das duas preposi\'e7\'f5es para tentar esclarecer a rela\'e7\'e3o complexa entre }{\i med}{ e }{\i com}{, e tamb\'e9 m para contribuir para a metodologia de estudos contrastivos baseados em corpora. \par }\pard \qc\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright {\fs20 Tabela 4a. Ocorr\'eancias de }{\i\fs20 com}{\fs20 em min\'fasculas nos corpora AC/DC \par }\trowd \trqc\trgaph108\trleft527\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2732\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4536\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6701\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8828\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Corpus\cell Frequ\'eancia \par absoluta\cell Frequ\'eancia relativa por 10000 palavras\cell Frequ\'eancia relativa (por 100 frases)}{\cs16\super \chftn {\footnote \pard\plain \s19\qj\widctlpar\adjustright \fs20\cgrid {\cs16\super \chftn }{ A no\'e7\'e3o de frase gr\'e1 fica pode ser problematizada. Al\'e9m disso, em alguns casos \endash indicados por asterisco na tabela 4a \endash \'e9 preciso ter cuidado nos c\'e1lculos: descontar a poesia dos corpora que a incluem, e reconhecer que o n\'fa mero de frases utilizado para a contagem de ocorr\'eancias de }{\i com}{ na tradu\'e7\'e3o portuguesa dos textos ingleses n\'e3o \'e9 o de frases em portugu\'eas, mas o de frases em ingl\'eas: portanto, um n\'famero aproximado, apenas.}}}{\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph108\trleft527\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2732\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4536\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6701\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8828\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright { \lang2070\cgrid0 eci-ee \par eeanot \cell }{114 \par 114\cell 43,0 \par 42,2\cell 14,6 \par 14,8\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 ancib \par ancibanot}{\cell 2.717 \par 1.776\cell 59,9 \par 60,6\cell 14,4 \par 14,7\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 natura \par natpanot \cell }{45.397 \par 45.389\cell 72,6 \par 72,1\cell 20,1 \par 20,1\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 avante\cell }{47.438\cell 72,3\cell 22,2\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 minho \par minhanot \cell }{13.410 \par 12.346\cell 77,1 \par 77,3\cell 25,2 \par 26,0\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 cetempublicoprmi \par cetempanot\cell }{7.643 \par 7.603\cell 76,6 \par 76,9\cell 20,0 \par 20,0\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 diaclav \cell }{54.412\cell 83,9\cell 25,8\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright { \lang2070\cgrid0 saocarlos \par scanot \cell }{201.233 \par 204.196\cell 75,4 \par 74,8\cell 12,3 \par 15,1\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 frasespp \par fppanot \cell }{118 \par 118\cell 72,7 \par 72,8\cell 19,9 \par 19,9\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 frasespb \par fpbanot \cell }{170 \par 170\cell 88,8 \par 88,7\cell 26,1 \par 26,1\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 eci-ebr \par ebranot \cell }{5.678 \par 5.672\cell 78,7 \par 78,5\cell 12,5 \par 12,7\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 enpcpub \par enpcanot \cell }{679 \par 679\cell 93,7 \par 94,0\cell 15,5 \par 15,5\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 classlppe \par \'bb sem poesia\cell }{11.310 \par 10.981\cell 86,5 \par 93,1\cell 15,2* \par 14,8\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph108\trleft527\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2732\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4536\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6701\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8828\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070\cgrid0 compara-port \par \'bb original \par \'bb traduzido\cell }{2.414 \par 757 \par 1.657\cell 94,7 \par 71,0 \par 111,7\cell 16,3 \par 11,6 \par 20,1*\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\fi284\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright {Usando primeiro os corpora monolingues, come\'e7\'e1mos por comparar simplesmente a frequ\'eancia de }{\i com}{ e de }{\i med}{ em v\'e1 rios corpora. Desde logo se nos deparam as primeiras decis\'f5es: o que contar como palavra, e o que contar como }{\i com}{? Devem locu\'e7\'f5es como }{\i de acordo com}{ ou }{\i para com}{ ser contadas como uma unidade? E devem contar, ou n\'e3 o, como ocorr\'eancias de }{\i com}{? As nossas op\'e7\'f5es foram fazer uma separa\'e7\'e3o por palavras gr\'e1ficas \endash ou seja, contar 3 e 2 palavras nos casos acima, cf. Santos & Bick (2000) \endash e contar todos como ocorr\'eancias de }{\i com }{. No caso dos corpora noruegueses, contudo, }{\i til og med}{, por exemplo, est\'e1 codificado como uma palavra e n\'e3o conta, assim, como ocorr\'eancia de }{\i med}{. \par }\pard \qc\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright {\fs20 Tabela 4b. Ocorr\'eancias de }{\i\fs20 med}{\fs20 em min\'fasculas nos Oslo tagged corpora \par }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft-70\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3000\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4678\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6379\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8364\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Corpus \par \cell Tamanho\cell Frequ\'eancia \par absoluta de }{\i med}{\cell Frequ\'eancia relativa por 10000 palavras\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft-70\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3000\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4678\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6379\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8364\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {Bokm\'e5l\cell 18.302.845\cell 201.688\cell 110,2\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070 \'bb texto jornal\'edstico\cell }{ 9.626.760\cell 108.628\cell 112,8\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070 \'bb texto n\'e3o-liter\'e1rio\cell }{6.961.489\cell 75.125\cell 107.9\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070 \'bb texto liter\'e1rio\cell }{1.714.596\cell 17.935\cell 104,6\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070 Nynorsk\cell }{3.771.506\cell 45.727\cell 121,2\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070 \'bb texto jornal\'edstico\cell }{991.449\cell 12.688\cell 128,0\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright { \lang2070 \'bb texto n\'e3o-liter\'e1rio\cell }{665.802\cell 6.738\cell 101,2\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\trowd \trqc\trgaph70\trleft-70\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3000\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4678\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6379\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8364\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\lang2070 \'bb texto liter\'e1rio\cell }{2.114.255\cell 26.301\cell 124,4\cell }\pard \widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\row }\pard \qj\fi284\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright { Os resultados, apresentados nas tabelas 4a e 4b, permitem-nos observar que }{\i com}{ \'e9 mais frequente em texto liter\'e1rio traduzido do ingl\'eas (a frequ\'eancia duplica em rela\'e7\'e3o a texto t\'e9cnico), aproximando-se, nesse caso, da frequ\'ea ncia de }{\i med}{ (que parece ser maior em Nynorsk do que em Bokm\'e5l). Note-se desde j\'e1, contudo, que nem todas as medidas podem, com os recursos a que temos acesso, ser comparadas: por exemplo, n\'e3o existe informa\'e7\'e3o quanto ao n\'fa mero de frases constantes nos textos noruegueses. E n\'e3o s\'f3: Seria mais elucidativo olhar para a distribui\'e7\'e3o sint\'e1ctica de }{\i com}{ usando a informa\'e7\'e3 o presente nos corpora anotados do projecto AC/DC (veja-se Bick, 2000), apresentada a t\'edtulo de ilustra\'e7\'e3o na tabela 5. N\'e3o temos, contudo, forma de a contrastar com informa\'e7\'e3o equivalente para o noruegu\'ea s, visto que os corpora utilizados n\'e3o possuem essa informa\'e7\'e3o. \par }\pard \qc\sl360\slmult0\widctlpar\adjustright {\fs20 Tabela 5. Ocorr}{\fs20\lang2070 \'eancia de}{\fs20 }{\i\fs20 com}{\fs20 por fun\'e7\'e3o sint\'e1ctica em portugu\'eas de Portugal (AC/DC) \par }\trowd \trqc\trleft184\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx1441\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx2292\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx3019\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4012\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx4862\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx5571\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx6453\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx7678\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx8400\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb \cellx9237\pard \qj\widctlpar\intbl\adjustright {\cell 1.